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신체존중감의 인지적, 정서적, 사회적 측면을 반영하며, 체기능을 포함하는 남녀공용의 신체존중감척도를 개발하기 위해 남녀 대학생을 표집하여 두 개의 연구(n1=252, n2=307)를 하였다. 신체존중감은 외모존중감과 체중존중감, 체기능존중감의 세 요인으로 구성된 것으로 나타났고, 이는 새로운 표본에서도 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. 하위척도의 신뢰도는 남녀 각각의 표본에서 Cronbach's α 값이 최소 .74에서 .91에 이르는 만족할만한 수준이었고, 4주 간격으로 측정한 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 최소 .75에서 .90에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. 신체존중감은 남성표본과 여성표본 모두에서 자기존중감, 주관적안녕감, 섭식행동과 유의한 상관이 있으며, 신체관련 행동에도 유의한 영향력이 있으며, 사회적 바람직성의 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 신체존중감 하위차원들의 특성은 성별에 따라 뚜렷이 달라서, 남성표본과 달리 여성표본에서는 체기능존중감이 외모나 체중존중감, 자기존중감, 주관적안녕감, 섭식행동과 아무런 상관이 없었다. 연구결과를 성차와 관련해서 논의하였고, 향후 연구과제를 제안하였다.
To develope and validate a scale(KOBES: Korean Overall Body Esteem Scale) which reflects cognitive, affective and social aspects of body esteem, and which encompasses bodily function as well as bodily form and that can be adopted to both sexes, two independent research were performed with university students(n1=252, n2=307). Body esteem revealed as 3 factor structure which was consisted of 1) appearance esteem, 2) weight esteem, and 3) bodily function esteem. These structure was stable across two independent samples, and between male sample and female sample. Internal consistancy coefficients(Cronbach's α) were .74 - .91 across sub samples, and test-retest reliability coefficients were .75 - .90 depending upon sub samples. KOBES had moderately high correlations with self-esteem, subjective well-being, and eating disorder scale(EDI-2). Besides them, KOBES revealed significant correlations with body-related behavioral intentions about diet, cosmetic surgery, drugs for weight loss especially in female sample. KOBES had no relations with social desirability scale. There were gender differences in correlation patterns among the KOBES sub-scales and between the KOBES and other measures. These results were discussed in the view of gender differences and future directions for research were proposed.
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