This study investigated the factors influencing the acculturation and identity and the coping strategies of the immigrant wives of international marriages in Korea. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were carried out, and qualitative analyses were done in order to systematically identify the relevant factors and their relationships. Situational factors and coping strategies were found to be the two major categories influencing acculturation and identity. Sub-categories of the situational factors were found to be the acquisition of language and culture, relationships and social support, child rearing, and the acceptance by the Korean society. The women sometimes showed active problem-solving behaviors such as building up their abilities or taking assertive attitudes, and sometimes showed passive reactions such as enduring the difficulties or waiting for the situation to change. It was found that, when the situation was favorable, they tend to use more active problem-solving strategies, and achieved higher life satisfaction. The women's acculturation types were found to be mostly assimilation and integration. Those who freely adopt both types depending on the situation showed higher adjustment. The study revealed that these women are active builders of their new life using various strategies in the face of many difficulties, in contrast to the stereotype that they are maladjusted and isolated victims.
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of attitudes toward dating violence and anger regulation in the relationship between children's experience of witnessing their parents' marital violence and dating violence among college students. 377college students enrolled in introductory psychology courses completed questionnaires on witnessing parental violence, attitude toward dating violence, anger regulation, and dating violence. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results were as follows: (1) students exposed to greater parental violence were more likely to view violence as justifiable in a dating relationship and had more difficulty with anger management, which were associated with higher levels of physical and psychological violence toward their own dating partners. (2) The results further revealed that attitudes toward dating violence and anger regulation fully mediated the relationship between witnessing marital violence and dating violence.
Present study examined the effect of success/failure feedback of group and individual on the choice of individual mobility strategy with a factorial design of 3×2×2. In addition, the effect of social categorization was also tested. Salience level of social categorization was manipulated by gender composition of subjects of ingroup and success/failure of ingroup and individual was manipulated by a feedback of performance after novel perceptual test. The experimental results were as follows: First, participants who were informed that their group failed, chose outgroup member as their partner at the next test more than those who were informed that their group succeeded. Also, in the condition of ingroup failure, participants who informed their individual score was successful, chose outgroup member more than those informed their individual score was failure. Furthermore, significant three-way interaction showed that the choice of outgroup member among the participants who succeeded in failed group increased when social categorization was salient. Particularly, female subjects showed stronger response than male. Implication and limitation of present study were discussed.
This study is conducted to explore how relationship patterns are different according to attachment security and attachment styles, focusing on differences between the sexes. After the correlational analysis among the several attachment style questionnaires, four-category adult attachment style questionnaire by Bartholomew & Horowitz(1991) is selected for the Korean adults. With the Inventory of Parent Attachment, the Relational Self Scale(2007) is used to investigate relationship modes, which measures relational selves multi-dimensionally, taken into account of Korean culture. These Scales were administered to 529 Korean adults aging from 18 to 65years old. According to the results of Multiple Analysis of Anova (MANOVA), there are significant gender differences in the relationship patterns, while no differences are found in attachment security and among the four attachment styles between the sexes: The more secure attachment with one's parents, the more positive and secure relationship with others: There are significant differences in all the dependent variables of relationship patterns according to the attachment styles except dependency variable: Women show higher scores than men on the positive relational experiences: men show higher scores than women on the instrumental relations. These results reflect that there are gender differences in general relationship patterns during the process of socialization, which is in accord with the former findings. In conclusion, main effects of the attachment security, attachment styles and gender differences on relationship patterns are found but no interaction effect. The results were discussed in terms of emotional-developmental and sociocultural viewpoints.
The present study investigated the organizational environment of the public sector which put female leaders at a disadvantageous position. More specifically, we hypothesized that leaders in general would evaluate the anti-female organizational environments stronger for the government organization and the public enterprises than for the NGOs and the universities. We also hypothesized that female leaders in the government organization and the public enterprises in comparison with the NGOs and the universities, would perceive the organizational environment more at a disadvantage for females than male leaders would, and perceive their psychological strength as well as leader effectiveness lower than male leaders would. To investigate these hypotheses, we asked 319 leaders (females 138, males 181) in the public sector (i.e., the government, the public enterprises, the NGOs and the universities) to fill out a survey questionnaire. The results demonstrated that in general people evaluated the anti-female organizational environment in the public enterprises stronger than in the other organizations. The results also showed that in general female leaders evaluated the organizational environment for females more negatively, their power/status lower, self-esteem as well as collective self-esteem lower and their effectiveness as a leader lower than male leaders did. Furthermore, these gender differences were the most prominent in the public enterprises. These results were discussed in terms of theoretical as well as practical implications.
This study performed to inspect the relationship of differentiation of self, depression, marital adjustment, to find the mediational effect of depression in the relation between differentiation of self and marital adjustment. That is, if there is more differentiation of self, then depression might decrease, and hope would increase, which might be helpful to marital adjustment. The participants were 353 married women. The significant results were revealed as belows : Firstly, we found that cognitive function vs. emotional function, a commonly identified sub dimension of differentiation of self, influences each sub‐variation of marital adjustment. Secondly, we found that, when another dimension is controlled, as sub variation of differentiation of self, family projection, and cognitive function vs. emotional function significantly predicts depression. Thirdly, we found that depression has a role in mediating the relationship between differentiation of self and marital adjustment. This study is meaningful as we examined the process that differentiation of self affect marital adjustment. Comprehension of this process has the potential to help the adjustment of people who have insufficient differentiation of self.
The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that influence on reemployment success and quality of Reemployed worker's job Quality of Middle aged People. First survey research was conducted using 1539 adult job seekers, and we examined the extent to job seeker's response of loss of job, psychological variable, social-economic variable and demographics variable. One year after, we conducted second research to investigate the states of reemployment 664 middle aged people. For the reemployment patterns, this research has the following result; sex(male), age(eraly 30's), marriage state, prior employment pattern(renured employment), prior wage level. are deteminant of reemplyment. On the other hand, reemployed worker's job quality, this research has following result: sex(male,), prror wage level, prior employment pattern are predicters. .Also success of reemployment has positively affected on mental health. The Level of anxiety and depression of unemployers are much higher than re-employer. To promote stable employment of unemployed people, we need to provide more information about re-employment and abolish sex and age discrimination of employment
The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that influence on reemployment success and quality of Reemployed workers job Quality of Middle aged People. First survey research was conducted using 1539 adult job seekers, and we examined the extent to job seeker's response of loss of job, psychological variable, social-economic variable and demographics variable. One year after, we conducted second research to investigate the states of reemployment 664 middle aged people. For the reemployment patterns, this research has the following result; sex(male), age(eraly 30's), marriage state, prior employment pattern(renured employment), prior wage level, are deteminant of reemplyment. On the other hand, reemployed worker's job quality, this research has following result: sex(male), prror wage level, prior employment pattern are predicters. Also success of reemployment has positively affected on mental health. The Level of anxiety and depression of unemployers are much higher than re-employer. To promote stable employment of unemployed people, we need to provide more information about re-employment and abolish sex and age discrimination of employment
The objective of this study was to explore the variables impacting school life adjustment and happiness of the children attending a elementary school in international marriage family of rural. As a result of regression analysis, peer accept(β=.30), and age of student(β=-.26) affected school life adjustment of the children significantly. Support degree of family(β=.38), and rear attitude on cognitive ability of mother(β=-.31) affected happiness of the theirs significantly. But the variables such as mother's skilful degree of Korean language, and satisfaction degree on appearance of the children were not significant. The study results suggest that in adjustment of the children social-psychological relation variables could affect importantly above all things.