본 연구는 미혼 커플이 파트너의 비난 및 철회 의사소통을 얼마나 정확하게 지각하는지(지각의 정확성), 얼마나 긍정 편향 혹은 부정 편향되게 지각하는지(지향성 편향), 또 파트너의 의사소통을 지각할 때 지각자의 동일한 의사소통 양식이 얼마나 영향을 미치는지(지각의 유사성 편향)를 진실과 편향 모형(Truth and Bias Model; West & Kenny, 2011)을 적용하여 살펴보았다. 이에 더하여, 파트너의 비난 의사소통을 지각할 때는 지각자의 철회 의사소통, 파트너의 철회 의사소통을 지각할 때는 지각자의 비난 의사소통의 조절효과와 성별 및 교제기간의 조절효과를 살펴보았다. 미혼 커플에게서 수집한 197쌍의 자료가 최종 분석에 포함되었고, SPSS 18의 혼합모형(Mixed Model) 프로그램을 이용하여 다층모형(Multilevel Modeling) 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 남녀 모두 파트너의 비난과 철회를 지각할 때 지각의 정확성은 유의하였다. 둘째, 파트너의 비난을 지각할 때는 남녀 모두 긍정 편향이 나타났고, 파트너의 철회를 지각할 때는 여성이 남성의 철회를 지각할 때만 긍정 편향이 나타났다. 셋째, 남녀 모두 비난 및 철회에서 지각의 유사성 편향은 유의하였고, 남성이 여성에 비해서 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 지각자의 철회 및 비난을 각각 조절변인으로 포함했을 때, 남성의 지각의 유사성 편향은 여전히 유의하였고, 여성의 지각의 유사성 편향은 유의하지 않았다. 넷째, 파트너의 철회를 지각할 때 지각의 정확성과 지각의 유사성 편향에서 남성의 비난의 조절효과가 나타났다. 다섯째, 교제기간은 여성이 지각한 파트너의 철회에서의 긍정 편향을 낮추는 것으로 나타났고, 지각의 정확성이나 지각의 유사성 편향에서의 조절효과는 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과를 논의하였고, 연구의 의의, 상담 실제에 대한 함의, 연구의 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 포함하였다.
This study examined perceptual accuracy, directional bias, and perceptual similarity bias in perceiving partner’s criticism and withdrawal communication among dating couples, applying Truth and Bias model (West & Kenny, 2011). In addition, the moderating effects of perceiver's withdrawal (in perception of partner’s criticism) and criticism (in perception of partner’s withdrawal), gender, and dating length were tested. Data collected from 197 dating couples were analyzed adopting Multi-level Modeling. For the Multi-level Modeling analysis, SPSS Mixed Modeling program was utilized. The results of this study were as follows. First, the perceptual accuracy in perceiving partner’s criticism and withdrawal were significant for both men and women. Second, regarding directional bias, there were positive biases in perceiving partner’s criticism for both men and women while there was positive bias in women’s perceiving partner’s withdrawal and not in men’s perception. Third, perceptual similarity bias in perceiving partner’s criticism and withdrawal were significant for both men and women, and women were higher in perceptual similarity bias than men. When perceiver’s withdrawal and criticism and dating length were included as moderators respectively, perceptual similarity bias were still significant for men, but not for women. Fourth, men’s criticism had moderating effects in men’s perceptual accuracy and perceptual similarity bias in perceiving partner’s withdrawal. Fifth, dating length decreased the positive bias in women’s perceiving partner’s withdrawal, but did not moderate perceptual accuracy and perceptual similarity bias. The results of this study were discussed and the theoretical implications, practical implications, limitation of this study and suggestions for further study were included.
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