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ISSN : 1229-0718
본 연구는 연합결핍가설과 이중처리모델을 바탕으로 학습유형과 연합증강 유형이 청년과 노인의 연합기억에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 실험 1에서 청년과 노인을 대상으로 연합재인과제를 사용하여 학습유형(단일학습, 반복학습, 학습-검사 반복)에 따른 수행 차이를 확인하였다. 그 결과 청년은 반복학습과 학습-검사 반복 수행 조건에서 연합재인율의 상승을 나타내었고, 노인은 반복학습에서는 연합재인율이 상승을 보였지만 학습-검사 반복 조건에서는 오경보의 증가를 나타내었다. 실험 2에서는 변형된 연합재인과제를 사용하여 연합증강의 유형에 따른 수행 차이를 알아보았다. 연구 결과 연령에 관계없이 항목증강은 오경보율을, 연합증강은 정확재인율을 상승시켰다. 종합하여 볼 때 학습유형의 경우 청년은 모든 반복조건에서, 노인은 반복학습 조건만 연합재인기억 수행이 증진되는 것으로 나타났으며 증강 유형에 따른 연합기억 수행의 증진에 있어서는 조건에 따른 연령차가 나타나지 않았다.
The purpose of the study was to examine how age affects associative memory performance for different types of learning and associative strengthening. In study 1, after the participants of young and old group studied a list of paired-associates in one of three study types (simple, repeat, and repeat-test), the recognition test was given for a total of 48 paired-associates immediately after the study. The results showed that young participants’ recognition memory was highest in the repeat-test condition, whereas the old counterparts performed best in the repeat condition. And in study 2, accuracy and false alarm rates were analyzed for recognition memory performance between the two age groups for paired items of varied associative strengthening levels. It was shown that item-strengthening increases false alarm rates, while associative-strengthening facilitates correct recognition in both age groups. The limitations and further implications of these findings were discussed.
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