바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

The Effect of Undergraduate Students’ Perfectionistic Self-Presentation and Social Anxiety on SNS Addiction Proneness according to Gender: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Interpersonal Orientation

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the moderated mediating effect of interpersonal orientation on the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentation and SNS (Social Networking Service) addiction proneness through social anxiety. A total of 341 Korean undergraduate students aged 18 to 25 years participated in this study via online survey. The mediation effect of social anxiety on the relation between perfectionistic self-presentation and SNS addiction proneness was found only among men. Additionally, interpersonal orientation moderated the mediating effect of social anxiety on the relation between perfectionistic self-presentation and SNS addiction proneness only in a group of men. For women, neither mediation effect nor moderated mediating effect was significant. Based on these results, implications of this study and intervention strategies for undergraduate students’ SNS addiction proneness are discussed.

keywords
Submission Date
2019-01-15
Revised Date
2019-03-02
Accepted Date
2019-03-05

Reference

1.

곽금주 (2000). 또래간 사회적 관계. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 13(3), 77-89.

2.

곽지현, 홍혜영 (2018). 대학생의 공적 자의식이 SNS 중독경향성에 미치는 영향. 청소년학연구, 25(3), 33-62.

3.

김다정, 오경자 (2017). 완벽주의적 자기제시가사회불안에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지:임상, 36(1), 56-63.

4.

김선미, 서경현 (2015). 내현적 자기애와 SNS 중독경향성 간의 관계. 한국심리학회지:건강, 20(3), 587-603.

5.

김윤화 (2018). SNS(소셜네트워크서비스) 이용추이 및 이용행태 분석. KISDI STAT Report, 18(11), 1-7.

6.

김향숙 (2001). 사회공포증 하위 유형의 기억 편향. 서울대학교 석사학위논문.

7.

김형수 (2014). 대학생들의 대인관계지향성과SNS 몰입 간의 관계에서 사회불안의 매개효과. 인간이해, 35(2), 11-26.

8.

문은영, 윤 진 (1994). 또래의 수용이 청소년초기의 고독감과 비행에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 7(1), 44-63.

9.

박지혜, 이주영 (2018). 청소년의 완벽주의적자기제시가 사회불안에 미치는 영향: 반추에 대한 자기자비의 조절된 매개효과. 상담학연구, 19(4), 87-107.

10.

백수현, 이영순 (2013). 완벽주의적 자기제시와사회적 불안과의 관계에서 정서표현 양가성의 매개효과. 상담학연구, 14(1), 385-400.

11.

염동수 (2003). 인스턴트 메신저(Instant Messenger)를 통한 대인관계 유지에 관한 연구. 서강대학교 석사학위논문.

12.

이동귀, 서해나 (2010). 완벽주의적 자기제시성향이 높은 대학생과 낮은 대학생의 특성비교. 상담학연구, 11(1), 91-110.

13.

이영아, 이인혜 (2016). 남녀 대학생에서 거부민감성과 사회불안 간의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 21(3), 641-660.

14.

이정화, 김호영, 강정석 (2017). 외로움이 SNS 중독 경향성에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 36(2), 154-164.

15.

임숙영, 임영진 (2017). 내현적 자기애와 대학생의 SNS 중독의 관계: 완벽주의적 자기제시의 매개효과. 인간이해, 38(2), 131-145.

16.

정선호, 서동기 (2016). 회귀분석을 이용한 매개된 조절효과와 조절된 매개효과 검증방법. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 35(1), 257-282.

17.

정소영, 김종남 (2014). 대학생용 SNS 중독경향성 척도개발 및 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 19(1), 147-166.

18.

조규영, 김윤희 (2014). 대학생의 SNS 중독에영향을 미치는 요인. 수산해양교육연구, 26(5), 1138-1150.

19.

통계청, 여성가족부 (2018). 2018 청소년 통계. 서울: 통계청, 여성가족부.

20.

하정희 (2011). 한국판 완벽주의적 자기제시척도 (PSPS-K)의 개발과 타당화. 상담학연구, 12(4), 1211-1230.

21.

한국정보화진흥원 (2011). 인터넷중독 진단척도 고도화(3차) 연구. 서울: 한국정보화진흥원.

22.

황희은, 김향숙 (2015). 자존감, 사회불안 및대인관계 지향성이 중학생의 SNS 중독경향성에 미치는 영향. 청소년학연구, 22(9), 233-253.

23.

Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

24.

Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E., & Pallesen, S. (2016). The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30(2), 252-262.

25.

Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G. S., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a Facebook addiction scale. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 501-517.

26.

Asher, M., Asnaani, A., & Aderka, I. M. (2017). Gender differences in social anxiety disorder:A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 56, 1-12.

27.

Atroszko, P. A., Balcerowska, J. M., Bereznowski, P., Biernatowska, A., Pallesen, S., & Andreassen, C. S. (2018). Facebook addiction among Polish undergraduate students: Validity of measurement and relationship with personality and well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 85, 329-338.

28.

Baek, Y. M., Bae, Y., & Jang, H. (2013). Social and parasocial relationships on social network sites and their differential relationships with users' psychological well-being. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(7), 512-517.

29.

Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-hall.

30.

Barnard, L. K., & Curry, J. F. (2011). Self-compassion: Conceptualizations, correlates, & interventions. Review of General Psychology, 15(4), 289-303.

31.

Bodroža, B., & Jovanović, T. (2016). Validation of the new scale for measuring behaviors of Facebook users: Psycho-Social Aspects of Facebook Use (PSAFU). Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 425-435.

32.

Bögels, S. M., Alden, L., Beidel, D. C., Clark, L. A., Pine, D. S., Stein, M. B., & Voncken, M. (2010). Social anxiety disorder: Questions and answers for the DSM-V. Depression and Anxiety, 27(2), 168-189.

33.

Borys, S., & Perlman, D. (1985). Gender differences in loneliness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 11(1), 63-74.

34.

Bowker, J. C., & Rubin, K. H. (2009). Self consciousness, friendship quality, and adolescent internalizing problems. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 27(2), 249-267.

35.

Caballo, V. E., Salazar, I. C., Irurtia, M. J., Arias, B., & Hofmann, S. G. (2014). Differences in social anxiety between men and women across 18 countries. Personality and Individual Differences, 64, 35-40.

36.

Casale, S., Fioravanti, G., Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2015). Self-presentation styles and problematic use of Internet communicative services: The role of the concerns over behavioral displays of imperfection. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 187-192.

37.

Cecen, A. R. (2008). The effects of gender and loneliness levels on ways of coping among university students. College Student Journal, 42(2), 510-516.

38.

Chae, D., Kim, H., & Kim, Y. A. (2018). Sex differences in the factors influencing Korean college students’ addictive tendency toward social networking sites. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 16(2), 339-350.

39.

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159.

40.

Cross, S. E., & Madson, L. (1997). Models of the self: Self-construals and gender. Psychological Bulletin, 122(1), 5-37.

41.

Fogel, J., & Nehmad, E. (2009). Internet social network communities: Risk taking, trust, and privacy concerns. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(1), 153-160.

42.

Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115-134.

43.

Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2016). The relations among social media addiction, self-Esteem, and life satisfaction in university students. Social Science Computer Review, 35(5), 576-586.

44.

Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression‐based approach. New York, NY:Guilford Press.

45.

Hayes, A. F. (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1-22.

46.

Hayes, A. F., & Matthes, J. (2009). Computational procedures for probing interactions in OLS and logistic regression: SPSS and SAS implementations. Behavior Research Methods, 41(3), 924-936.

47.

Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., Sherry, S. B., Habke, M., Parkin, M., Lam, R. W., ... Stein, M. B. (2003). The interpersonal expression of perfection: Perfectionistic self-presentation and psychological distress. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(6), 1303-1325.

48.

Hewitt, P. L., Habke, A. M., Lee-Baggley, D. L., Sherry, S. B., & Flett, G. L. (2008). The impact of perfectionistic self-presentation on the cognitive, affective, and physiological experience of a clinical interview. Psychiatry:Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 71(2), 93-122.

49.

Kashdan, T. B., Elhai, J. D., & Breen, W. E. (2008). Social anxiety and disinhibition: An analysis of curiosity and social rank appraisals, approach-avoidance conflicts, and disruptive risk-taking behavior. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(6), 925-939.

50.

Kashdan, T. B., & Hofmann, S. G. (2008). The high-novelty-seeking, impulsive subtype of generalized social anxiety disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 25(6), 535-541.

51.

Kerpelman, J. L., & Pittman, J. F. (2001). The instability of possible selves: Identity processes within late adolescents’ close peer relationships. Journal of Adolescence, 24(4), 491-512.

52.

Kim, H., & Park, D. (2015). Factors affecting Internet gaming addiction: SNS addiction tendencies, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships among male middle school students. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(S8), 212-218.

53.

Kirschner, P. A., & Karpinski, A. C. (2010). Facebook® and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1237-1245.

54.

Knox, D., Vail-Smith, K., & Zusman, M. (2007). The lonely college male. International Journal of Men’s Health, 6(3), 273-279.

55.

Koc, M., & Gulyagci, S. (2013). Facebook addiction among Turkish college students: The role of psychological health, demographic, and usage characteristics. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(4), 279-284.

56.

Kupper, N., & Denollet, J. (2012). Social anxiety in the general population: Introducing abbreviated versions of SIAS and SPS. Journal of Affective Disorders, 136(1-2), 90-98.

57.

Kuss, D., & Griffiths, M. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), 311-327.

58.

Leary, M. R., & Kowalski, R. M. (1995). The self-presentation model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia:Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 94-112). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

59.

Lee, E. B. (2015). Too much information: Heavy smartphone and Facebook utilization by African American young adults. Journal of Black Studies, 46(1), 44-61.

60.

Lee-Won, R. J., Herzog, L., & Park, S. G. (2015). Hooked on Facebook: The role of social anxiety and need for social assurance in problematic use of Facebook. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(10), 567-574.

61.

Lim, M. H., Rodebaugh, T. L., Zyphur, M. J., & Gleeson, J. F. (2016). Loneliness over time:The crucial role of social anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(5), 620-630.

62.

Mackinnon, S. P., Battista, S. R., Sherry, S. B., & Stewart, S. H. (2014). Perfectionistic self-presentation predicts social anxiety using daily diary methods. Personality and Individual Differences, 56, 143-148.

63.

Makashvili, M., Ujmajuridze, B., Amirejibi, T., Kotetishvili, B., & Barbakadze, S. (2013). Gender difference in the motives for the use of Facebook. Asian Journal for Humanities and Social Studies, 1(3), 130-135.

64.

Malat, J. R., Van Ryn, M., & Purcell, D. (2006). Race, socioeconomic status, and the perceived importance of positive self-presentation in health care. Social Science & Medicine, 62(10), 2479-2488.

65.

Masthi, N. R., Cadabam, S. R., & Sonakshi, S. (2015). Facebook addiction among health university students in Bengaluru. International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, 4(1), 18-22.

66.

Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36(4), 455-470.

67.

McKenna, K. Y., Green, A. S., & Gleason, M. E. (2002). Relationship formation on the Internet:What’s the big attraction?. Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 9-31.

68.

Morrison, A. S., & Heimberg, R. G. (2013). Social anxiety and social anxiety disorder. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 249-274.

69.

Muller, D., Judd, C. M., & Yzerbyt, V. Y. (2005). When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 852-863.

70.

Olivares, J., García-López, L. J., & Hidalgo, M. D. (2001). The Social Phobia Scale and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale: Factor structure and reliability in a Spanish-speaking population. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 19(1), 69-80.

71.

Pompili, M., Lester, D., Innamorati, M., Narciso, V., Vento, A., De Pisa, E., ... Girardi, P. (2007). Risk-taking and reasons for living in non-clinical Italian university students. Death Studies, 31(8), 751-762.

72.

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), 717-731.

73.

Raacke, J., & Bonds-Raacke, J. (2008). MySpace and Facebook: Applying the uses and gratifications theory to exploring friendnetworking sites. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(2), 169-174.

74.

Rodebaugh, T. L., Holaway, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2004). The treatment of social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(7), 883-908.

75.

Rui, J. R., & Stefanone, M. A. (2013). Strategic image management online. Information, Communication & Society, 16(8), 1286-1305.

76.

Salem, A. A. M. S., Almenaye, N. S., & Andreassen, C. S. (2016). A psychometric evaluation of Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) of university students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 6(5), 199-205.

77.

Salvati, V., & Trentini, C., (2015, 09). Problematic Facebook use: The role of psychosocial variables in an Italian adolescent study. Poster presented at the First European Conference on Addictive Behaviors and Dependencies, Lisbon, Portugal.

78.

Schroeder, R. (2010). Mobile phones and the inexorable advance of multimodal connectedness. New Media & Society, 12(1), 75-90.

79.

Schutz, W. (1958). FIRO: A three-dimensional theory of interpersonal behavior. New York, NY:Rinehart.

80.

Schutz, W. (1992). Beyond Firo-B-Three new theory-derived measures-Element B: Behavior, Element F: Feelings, Element S: Self. Psychological Reports, 70(3), 915-937.

81.

Schwartz, S. J., Côté, J. E., & Arnett, J. J. (2005). Identity and agency in emerging adulthood: Two developmental routes in the individualization process. Youth & Society, 37(2), 201-229.

82.

Siibak, A. (2009). Constructing the self through the photo selection-visual impression management on social networking websites. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 3(1), 1-9.

83.

Spence, S. H. (2003). Social skills training with children and young people: Theory, evidence and practice. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 8(2), 84-96.

84.

Swap, W. C., & Rubin, J. Z. (1983). Measurement of interpersonal orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 208-219.

85.

Thompson, S. H., & Lougheed, E. (2012). Frazzled by Facebook? An exploratory study of gender differences in social network communication among undergraduate men and women. College Student Journal, 46(1), 88-98.

86.

Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2007). Preadolescents' and adolescents' online communication and their closeness to friends. Developmental Psychology, 43(2), 267-277.

87.

Yoo, G., Park, J. H., & Jun, H. J. (2014). Early maladaptive schemas as predictors of interpersonal orientation and peer connectedness in university students. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(8), 1377-1394.

logo