본 연구에서는 여대생들이 아동 청소년기에 경험한 대인간 외상이 안정적인 정체감을 유지하고 타인과 친밀한 관계를 맺으며 정서를 적절하게 조절하는 능력인 자기역량의 손상에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 서울과 충청지역 소재 4년제 4개 대학에 재학 중인 여자 대학생 503명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 연구를 위해 사용한 척도는 아동기 학대 외상 질문지, 내면화된 수치심 척도, 자기역량의 변화 척도 등이다. 수집된 자료에 대한 기술적 통계와 상관관계를 분석하였고, 중다회귀분석을 실시하여 매개효과를 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 아동 청소년기 대인간 외상경험과 내면화된 수치심, 자기역량의 손상 간에 유의미한 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 아동 청소년기에 가정 안에서 정서적 학대, 정서적 방임, 신체적 학대 등을 경험할수록 수치심이 성격특성으로 자리 잡아 자신에 대한 부적절감과 공허감을 더 많이 느끼고, 스스로를 비난하고 실수할 것에 대한 두려움을 느끼게 된다는 것을 나타낸다. 또한 대인간 외상경험 수준이 높을수록 대인관계에서 갈등을 경험하고 자신이 누구인지에 대한 정체성의 혼란을 겪으며, 정서를 조절하는 데 어려움을 더 많이 경험한다는 것을 의미한다. 내면화된 수치심과 자기역량 손상 간에도 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였는데, 자신의 존재에 대한 수치심의 정도가 높을수록 관계의 갈등과 정체성 혼란, 정서조절의 어려움을 더 많이 경험한다는 것을 나타낸다. 또한 내면화된 수치심이 투입되었을 때 대인간 외상경험이 자기역량 손상에 미치는 영향이 유의하지 않은 수준으로 감소하였다. 따라서 내면화된 수치심은 대인간 외상경험과 자기역량 손상의 관계를 완전매개한다고 볼 수 있다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 상담실제에 대한 시사점과 후속연구에 대한 제언을 논하였다.
The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of internalized shame between childhood interpersonal trauma history and impaired self capacities among Korean female undergraduates. The results of this study are as follows. First, there were significant correlations between childhood complex trauma, internalized shame and impaired self-capacities. Childhood complex trauma was positively related to internalized shame and impaired self-capacities, and internalized shame was positively related to impaired self-capacities. Second, internalized shame fully mediated the relationship between childhood interpersonal trauma and impaired self-capacities. The present findings confirmed that interpersonal traumas, in the form of childhood psychological abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse and physical neglect were associated with adult internalized shame and impaired self-capacities. Finally, the current findings suggest that impaired self-capacities may be reduced through psychotherapy that successfully address issues of internalized shame.
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