바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

ACOMS+ 및 학술지 리포지터리 설명회

  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
 

logo

소셜미디어 이용행동과 여성의 신체상의 관계: 자기대상화 이론을 중심으로

The Relationship between social media and body image of women: Applying Self-Objectification Theory

초록

본 연구에서는 우리나라 여성의 소셜미디어 이용과 부정적 신체상의 관계를 자기대상화 이론에 기초하여검증하였다. 자기 대상화 이론에서는 사회문화적 맥락으로 인해 여성들이 자신의 신체가 대상화되는 경험을 하게 되고 이로 인해 부정적인 신체상을 가지게 된다고 보았다. 구체적으로 대상화 경험으로써의 소셜미디어 이용 행동을 브라우징과 업로딩 행동으로 나누어, 각 행동이 신체 감시와 신체 수치심을 거쳐 섭식 절제 행동을 예측하는 구조적 모형을 설정하고 20대와 30대 여성을 대상으로 적합도를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 연구대상자는 인스타그램을 이용하는 20대~30대 여성 219명이었다. 신체감시, 신체 수치심, 섭식절제는 설문을 통해 측정하였으며 인스타그램 업로딩 행동은 연구 대상자의 계정에 업로드된 본인이 등장하는 사진의 수로, 브라우징 행동은 연구 대상자가 팔로잉하는 여자 아이돌 가수 계정, 여성 모델, 패션, 뷰티 관련 쇼핑몰 등의 계정의 수로 측정하였다. 분석 결과, 업로딩 행동과 브라우징 행동이 서로 다른 경로를 통해 자기 대상화 관련 변인에 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 업로딩 행동은 신체 감시와신체 수치심을 완전 매개하여 절제된 섭식 행동을 예측하였고, 브라우징 행동은 신체 수치심을 매개하여절제된 섭식 행동을 예측 하였다. 즉, 업로딩 행동이 높을수록 신체 감시와 신체 수치심이 촉진되고, 절제된 섭식 행동이 높아졌다. 또한 브라우징 행동은 직접적으로 신체 수치심에 영향을 미쳐 절제된 섭식 행동을 예측하였다. 끝으로, 연구 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점 및 추후 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

keywords
자기 대상화 이론, 신체 감시, 신체 수치심, 섭식 절제, 소셜 미디어, 업로딩, 브라우징, self-objectification theory, body surveillance, body shame, restricted eating, social media, browsing, uploading

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between social media use and negative body image with a basis on the self-objectification theory. In the self-objectification theory, women experience the objectification of their body in the socio-cultural context, leading to developing negative body image. This study considered the social media use as the objectification experience. We specified the behaviors of social media use as browsing and uploading behaviors, and tested a mediation model in which browsing and uploading predicted eating behaviors via body surveillance and body shame, respectively. Participants were 219 women in the 20s and 30s who were using Instagram. The body image-related Instagram uploading behaviors were measured by the number of selfie, and browsing behaviors measured by the number of body image-related accounts followed by the participants, such as accounts of female idol singer, female model, or fashion, beauty shopping mall. The results showed that uploading and browsing behaviors predicted restricted eating through different routes. Uploading behaviors positively predicted restricted eating via a serial mediation of body surveillance and body shame. Browsing behaviors directly predicted body shame, which, in turn, predicted restricted eating. Lastly, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

keywords
자기 대상화 이론, 신체 감시, 신체 수치심, 섭식 절제, 소셜 미디어, 업로딩, 브라우징, self-objectification theory, body surveillance, body shame, restricted eating, social media, browsing, uploading

참고문헌

1.

김시연, 서영석 (2011). 음악방송 노출을 통한 성적대상화 경험이 여자고등학생의 부정적 섭식행동, 수행불안 및 학습몰입에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 23(4), 1137-1160.

2.

김완석, 유연재, 박은아 (2007). 측정 및 연구방법론: 한국판객체화 신체의식 척도(K-OBCS): 개발과 타당화. 한국심리학회지:일반, 26(2), 329-349.

3.

김효정, 이임순, 김지혜 (1996). 식이행동 질문지의 신뢰도, 타당도 연구. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 15(1), 141-150.

4.

미래창조과학부, 한국인터넷진흥원 (2016). 2016인터넷이용실태조사.

5.

류애리, 송원영 (2013). 마른 이상적 체형의 내면화 및 신체비교가 이상섭식행동에 미치는 영향에 있어서 신체 수치심의 매개효과 검증, 한국 심리학회지: 건강, 18(2), 345-365.

6.

서울특별시 (2016). 2016 성인지 통계: 서울시여성과 남성의 건강실태 분석.

7.

손은정 (2007). 공적 자기의식, 신체에 대한 감시, 신체에 대한 수치심이 섭식 행동에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 19(3), 735-750.

8.

손은정 (2013). 여대생의 폭식행동에 대한 다차원적 모형의 검증. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 18(1), 109-128.

9.

이상선 & 오경자 (2003). 외모관련 사회문화적태도 설문지의 타당화 연구. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22(4), 913-926.

10.

홍세희 (2000). 구조 방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 161-177.

11.

Boase, J., & Ling, R. (2013). Measuring mobile phone use: Self‐report versus log data. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 18(4), 508-519.

12.

Brown, Z., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). Attractive celebrity and peer images on Instagram: Effect on women's mood and body image. Body image, 19, 37-43.

13.

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sage focus editions, 154, 136-136.

14.

Calogero, R. M., Davis, W. N., & Thompson, J. K. (2005). The role of self-objectification in the experience of women with eating disorders. Sex Roles, 52(1), 43-50.

15.

Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1981). Selfconsciousness and reactance. Journal of Research in Personality, 15(1), 16-29.

16.

Cohen, R., Newton-John, T., & Slater, A. (2018). ‘Selfie’-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women. Computers in Human Behavior, 79, 68-74.

17.

De Vries, D. A., & Peter, J. (2013). Women on display: The effect of portraying the self online on women’s self-objectification. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1483- 1489.

18.

Fardouly, J., Diedrichs, P. C., Vartanian, L. R., & Halliwell, E. (2015). The mediating role of appearance comparisons in the relationship between media usage and self-objectification in young women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39(4), 447-457.

19.

Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E. (2011). Social psychological theories of disordered eating in college women:Review and integration.

20.

Fox, J., & Rooney, M. C. (2015). The Dark Triad and trait self-objectification as predictors of men’s use and self-presentation behaviors on social networking sites. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 161-165.

21.

Fredrickson, B. L., & Roberts, T. A. (1997). Objectification theory: Toward understanding women's lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychology of women quarterly, 21(2), 173-206.

22.

Frommer, D. (2010). Here's how to use Instagram. Business Insider, 11.

23.

Holland, G., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body image, 17, 100-110.

24.

Grabe, S., & Hyde, J. S. (2009). Body objectification, MTV, and psychological outcomes among female adolescents. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39(12), 2840-2858.

25.

Halliwell, E., & Dittmar, H. (2004). Does size matter? The impact of model's body size on women's body-focused anxiety and advertising effectiveness. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(1), 104-122.

26.

Harper, B., & Tiggemann, M. (2008). The effect of thin ideal media images on women’s self-objectification, mood, and body image. Sex Roles, 58(9-10), 649-657.

27.

Hummel, A. C., & Smith, A. R. (2015). Ask and you shall receive: Desire and receiptof feedback via Facebook predicts disordered eating concerns. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(4), 436-442.

28.

Iannaccone, M., D'Olimpio, F., Cella, S., & Cotrufo, P. (2016). Self-esteem, body shame and eating disorder risk in obese and normal weight adolescents: A mediation model. Eating behaviors, 21, 80-83.

29.

Jordan, A. H., Monin, B., Dweck, C. S., Lovett, B. J., John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2011). Misery has more company than people think:Underestimating the prevalence of others’negative emotions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(1), 120-135.

30.

Jung, J., & Forbes, G. B. (2006). Multidimensional assessment of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in Korean and US college women: A comparative study. Sex Roles, 55(1-2), 39-50.

31.

Koroleva, K., Krasnova, H., & Günther, O. (2010). ‘Stop spamming me!’: exploring information overload on Facebook.

32.

Koroleva, K., Krasnova, H., Veltri, N., & Günther, O. (2011). It’s all about networking! empirical investigation of social capital formation on social network sites.

33.

Lavin, M. A., & Cash, T. F. (2001). Effects of exposure to information aboutappearance stereotyping and discrimination on women's body images. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29(1), 51-58.

34.

Lup, K., Trub, L., & Rosenthal, L. (2015). Instagram# instasad?: exploring associations among instagram use, depressive symptoms, negative social comparison, and strangers followed. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(5), 247-252.

35.

Maier, C., Laumer, S., Eckhardt, A., & Weitzel, T.(2012). When Social Networking Turns to Social Overload: Explaining the Stress, Emotional Exhaustion, and Quitting Behavior from Social Network Sites' Users. In: ECIS 2012 Proceedings.

36.

Manago, A. M., Ward, L. M., Lemm, K. M., Reed, L., & Seabrook, R. (2015). Facebook involvement, objectified body consciousness, body shame, and sexual assertiveness in college women and men. Sexroles, 72(1-2), 1-14.

37.

McKinley, N. M., & Hyde, J. S. (1996). The objectified body consciousness scale development and validation. Psychology of women quarterly, 20(2), 181-215.

38.

McLean, S. A., Paxton, S. J., Wertheim, E. H., & Masters, J. (2015). Photoshopping the selfie:Self photo editing and photo investment are associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(8), 1132-1140.

39.

Meier, E. P., & Gray, J. (2014). Facebook photo activity associated with body image disturbance in adolescent girls. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(4), 199-206.

40.

Monro, F., & Huon, G. (2005). Media‐portrayed idealized images, body shame, and appearance anxiety. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 38(1), 85-90.

41.

Moradi, B., Dirks, D., & Matteson, A. V. (2005). Roles of sexual objectification experiences and internalization of standards of beauty in eating disorder symptomatology: A test and extension of Objectification Theory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(3), 420.

42.

Muehlenkamp, J. J., & Saris-Baglama, R. N.(2002). Self-objectification and its psychological outcomes for college women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26(4), 371-379.

43.

Noll, S. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). A mediational model linking self-objectification, body shame, and disordered eating. Psychologyof Women Quarterly, 22(4), 623-636.

44.

Pittman, M., & Reich, B. (2016). Social media and loneliness: Why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 155-167.

45.

Pyle, R. L., Mitchell, J. E., & Eckert, E. D.(1981). Bulimia: A report of 34 cases. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 42, 60-64.

46.

Rodgers, R. F. (2016). The relationship between body image concerns, eating disorders and internet use, part II: An integrated theoretical model. Adolescent Research Review, 1(2), 121-137.

47.

Royal Society for Public Health & Young Health Movement (2017). StatusOfMind: Social media and youn people’s mental health and wellbeing.

48.

Shin, Y., Kim, M., Im, C., & Chong, S. C.(2017). Selfie and self: The effect of selfies on self-esteem and social sensitivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 111, 139-145.

49.

Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological methods, 7(4), 422-445.

50.

Smith, A. R., Hames, J. L., & Joiner, T. E.(2013). Status update: Maladaptive Facebook usage predicts increases in body dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms. Journal of affective disorders, 149(1), 235-240.

51.

Tiggemann, M., & Miller, J. (2010). The Internet and adolescent girls’ weight satisfaction and drive for thinness. Sex roles, 63(1-2), 79-90.

52.

Tiggemann, M., & Slater, A. (2001). A test of objectification theory in former dancers and non dancers. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 25(1), 57-64.

53.

Tiggemann, M., & Slater, A. (2013). NetGirls;The internet, facebook, and body image concern in adolescent girs. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46(6), 630-633.

54.

Van Strien, T., Frijters, J. E., Bergers, G., & Defares, P. B. (1986). The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. International journal of eating disorders, 5(2), 295-315.

55.

Wang, R., Yang, F., & Haigh, M. M. (2017). Let me take a selfie: exploring the psychological effects of posting and viewing selfies and groupies on social media. Telematics and Informatics, 34(4), 274-283.

56.

Wardle, J., Haase, A. M., & Steptoe, A. (2006). Body image and weight control in young adults: international comparisons in university students from 22 countries. International journal of obesity, 30(4), 644-651.

logo