정신병질자들의 인지적 공감능력에 관한 두 가지 주장이 있다. 한 가지는 정신병질자들의 인지적 공감능력이 손상되어 있다는 주장이며, 다른 한 가지는 이들이 오히려 우수한 인지적 공감능력을 가지고 있다는 주장이다. 또한, 그 동안의 정신병질 연구가 교정 및 법의학 장면에 연루된 남성들을 대상으로 이루어져 온 탓에, 정신병질의 성차에 따른 특성은 물론, 여성 정신병질에 대해서는 알려진 바가 거의 없다. 이에 본 연구는 정신병질자들의 인지적 공감능력을 검증하는 한편, 그 성별 차이를 확인할 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 LSRP 점수를 토대로 남녀 대학생 46명으로 이루어진 정신병질 성향집단과 남녀 대학생 54명으로 이루어진 일반집단을 구성한 후, 실험참여자들을 대상으로 공감정확성 실험 패러다임을 실시하였다. 실험 결과, 일반집단이 정신병질 성향집단보다, 여성집단이 남성집단보다 공감정확성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 공감정확성에 관한 정신병질 성향과 성별 간의 상호작용 효과가 확인되었다. 마지막으로 이상의 연구결과에 대한 해석과 함께, 본 연구의 의의 및 제한점에 대해 논의하고, 후속 연구의 방향을 제언하였다.
There has been an argument on psychopath's cognitive empathy for a long time. some researchers have said psychopaths are deficient in cognitive empathy, while others have suggested they have superior ability for cognitive empathy. Because the vast majority of psychopathy research have dealt with male forensic samples, little is known about gender difference of psychopathy and female psychopathy. Therefore, this study attempts to figure out psychopaths' cognitive empathy ability and characteristic gender difference which they have on it. In order to do so, college students are asked to fill out the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. From the participants, a group of 46 people with psychopathic tendency and normal control of 54 people are selected. Both groups' empathic accuracies are examined with the examination paradigm of Ickes and then compared. The results were as follows, First, the normal control group demonstrated higher empathic accuracy than the psychopathic tendency group did. Second, the female group also demonstrated higher empathic accuracy than the male group did. Third, significant interaction effects between psychopathic tendency and gender were identified. Finally, on the basis of the above results, the implications and limitations of this research were discussed and future research direction were proposed.
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