본 연구에서는 세계관입증이론(worldview verification theory: WVT)을 토대로 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음이 성차별경험과 자아존중감간의 관계를 조절하는지 살펴보았다. WVT에 따르면, 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음이 높을수록, 성차별경험이 자아존중감에 미치는 부정적 영향을 증가시킨다. 먼저, 연구 1에서는 20세 이상의 일반 여성 200명을 대상으로 성차별경험, 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음, 자아존중감을 측정하였고, 분석 결과, 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음이 성차별경험과 자아존중감간의 관계를 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음이 높을수록, 성차별경험이 자아존중감에 더 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 의미한다. 연구 2에서는 점화를 통해 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음의 조절효과를 확인하였는데, 이를 위해, 20세 이상의 일반 여성 160명을 비성차별 집단과 성차별 집단으로 무선 할당시키고, 해당 점화 과제를 실시한 결과, 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음이 집단(비성차별 집단, 성차별 집단)과 자아존중감간의 관계를 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 비성차별집단에 비해 성차별집단에서 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음과 자아존중감간의 정적 상관이 낮은 것으로 확인되었다.
Based on the Worldview Verification Theory (WVT), the purpose of this study was to examine whether belief in a just world would moderate the relationship between perceived gender discrimination and self-esteem. According to WVT, greater belief in a just world increases the negative effect of perceived discrimination on self-esteem. In study 1, we measured perceived gender discrimination, belief in a just world, and self-esteem among 200 women (aged at least 20). and the result indicated that the moderating effect of belief in a just world was significant. That is, as belief in a just world was greater, the negative effect of perceived gender discrimination on self-esteem increased. In study 2, using priming approach, we examined the moderating effect of belief in a just world. For this, 160 women (aged at least 20) randomly assigned to either gender non-discriminatory group or gender discriminatory group and completed priming tasks. Findings suggested that belief in a just world moderated the association between group and self-esteem. Specifically, the positive association between BJW and self-esteem was smaller in gender discriminatory group, compared to non-discriminatory group.
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