This study examined whether self-control mediated the relationship between domestic violence and aggression and verified whether social support moderated this mediating effect. To this end, an online survey was conducted targeting 316 adults, and the mediating effect was analyzed. The results of the study are as follows: First, the mediating effect of self-control was found to be significant in the relationship between experience of domestic violence and aggression. Second, the moderating effect of social support was found to be significant in the relationship between domestic violence and aggression. Third, the moderating effect of social support on the mediating effect of self-control on the relationship between domestic violence and aggression was found to be significant. These results suggest that the path from domestic violence experience to aggression through self-control is moderated by the social support. Therefore, when a person who has experienced domestic violence exhibits aggression, the provision of social support along with interventions including promotion of self-control may be useful.