- P-ISSN1738-3110
- E-ISSN2093-7717
- SCOPUS, ESCI
ISSN : 1738-3110
Vol.12 No.9
Abstract
Purpose –This study is to measure the effects of retail legislations on small retailers and traditional markets. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The authors have developed a questionnaire with five hypotheses on the basis of previous research results and six constructs: the improvement of sales volume, the number of customers, the improvement of store traffic, the increase of store staff, business expansion and retail regulation. Furthermore, the research has adopted a five-point Likert-scale technique. In order to increase research reliability as well as validity, the authors have adopted a few different research techniques such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results - Although existing retail regulations might be better than nothing for now, the degree of retail constraints on large retailers should be strengthened. Furthermore, different legal methods to protect mom and pops are needed. Conclusions – In order to improve the effects of retail restrictions on large retailers, the research indicates that the central government should change a retail policy, that is, introduce new technical ways to keep mom and pops and conventional markets.
Abstract
Purpose- The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of service marketing agents’ psychological contract with thecompany on organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Research Design, Data, and Methodology- The antecedentvariable of psychological contract, dependent variables of organizational commitment and citizenship behavior, and mediatingvariables of self-esteem, self-efficacy, and perceived organizationsupport were used, based on precedent studies. Result- The psychological contract had a positive influenceon self-esteem, self-efficacy, and organizational support. Moreover, self-efficacy and organizational support had an influence on commitment, while self-esteem, self-efficacy, and organizational support influenced organizational citizenship behavior. Inaddition, the results relating to mediated effects showed that only self-esteem had no mediated effect between contract andcommitment. Conclusions- The call centers are asked to let the agentscognize an affirmative psychological contract. Further, the callcenters are asked to produce an organizational atmosphere tolet agents increase motivation factors. Finally, agents should develop them at personal levels to cognize organizational supportaffirmatively and to keep mutually beneficial contracts betweencall centers and agents.
Abstract
Purpose- Our study aims to analyze and assess aeronauticstransport, to bring comprehensive insight about the existing potential in the new member states, candidate countries, potentialcandidate countries, and associated states. Methodology- The evaluation was carried out by applyingqualitative methodology to the research results and on existingcapabilities, to assess the overall research capability in the aeronautics transport mode of each country and region, in theEuropean context. Results- Overall, countries with the strongest potential arethe Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, and Romania. The aeronautics research potential was evaluated as weak in as manyas 11 countries, with Estonia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia,Montenegro, Albania, and Moldova being evaluated as weak inall categories, and Latvia, Croatia, and Serbia being evaluatedas weak overall but having at least one category evaluated asmedium. Conclusion- Based on the research findings, there are recommendations regarding both the research policy and researchactivities related to the aeronautics transport mode. The findingscontribute to the further development of EU aeronautics researchand the aviation industry.
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to explore whether investing in –cultural centers enhances the image and performance of corporations, and seeks to identify the effects of the relationship quality of cultural centers on the relationship quality of discountstores. Research design, data, and methodology-Toaccomplishtheobjective, a survey was conducted on the users of the culturalcenter of NH Hanaro Club's S Branch. Regarding the questionnaires, 155 copies were distributed and 139 were used asvalid data responses, which were analyzed through a descriptivestatistical analysis, correlation analysis, and a path analysis withstructural equation modeling. Results Cultural centers are lifelong educational institutions –revolving around females, and corporations can improve theirimage and performance through cultural centers in pursuit ofprofits. Moreover, the reliability and responsiveness of culturalcenters positively influenced their relationship quality and that ofdiscount stores. Conclusion- Customer service should be provided promptlyand sincerely to achieve maximum customer satisfaction. Thiswill boost the relationship quality of cultural centers, and positivecustomer evaluation will lead to better relationship quality of thediscount stores.
Abstract
Purpose- There has been little research on the variables influencing studio apartment values. This study aims to identifyvariables affecting the value of studio apartments in Seoul byempirically examining the interaction between sale prices andcharacteristics studio apartment characteristics. Research design, data, and methodology- We have analyzeddata pertaining to 142 studio apartments in September 2010. Aregression analysis model is constructed to test the significanceof the variables in relation to the studio apartment sale pricesper m2 in Seoul. Results- The age of the building is comparatively more significant than land use as the explanatory variable. Land price isthe key variable affecting studio apartment sale prices and investors are willing to pay high implicit sale prices for locationsthat are associated with high land prices. Conclusions- The age of buildings explains a significant portion of the variability of the sale prices of studio apartment. Higher land prices result in higher sale prices for studioapartments. The older the buildings, the lower the sale prices ofthe studio apartments.
Abstract
Purpose - The rapid spread of SNS and increase of SNSusers have heralded great changes in the tourism industry. Therefore, this study focused on how SNS characteristics- usefulness, convenience, interactivity, and intimacy - influence diffusivity, reliability and, consequently, user's preference for touristattractions. Research design, data, and methodology- This study is designed not only to collect data with a questionnaire survey butalso to test hypotheses with SEM by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS18.0. Results- Usefulness, interactivity, and intimacy positively affect diffusivity, whereas convenience does not positively affectdiffusivity. In addition, intimacy has a negative influence onreliability. However, diffusivity and reliability have positive impacts on the preference for tourist places. Conclusions - Certain characteristics of SNS facilitates thespreading of SNS tourist information. Usability and interactivityhave positive impacts on the reliance of tourist information. Better communication can enhance the reliance of travelinformation. The influence of spreading tourist information has apositive influence on its reliance. Extension and reliance canhave positive effects on the preference for tourist attractions.
Abstract
Purpose- This study aims to provide a brief understanding ofusability and its extended models with TAM as well as identifying additional determinants that had been suggested in previousstudies on mobile services. Research design, data, and methodology - Empirical datawere collected by conducting a field survey of potential mobileapplication service users. The call for participation was alsomade in mobile related application issues, which were widelydiscussed. Result- The ease of use and usefulness had a significantlypositive influence on attitude and intention. It also was revealedthat added value services can offer practical value to customers. Thus, positive attitudes toward the adoption of services by customers are present when they perceive higher usefulness andease of use of mobile application services. Conclusion- It was indicated that customers who are moreinclined to try new products or who have a higher demand fornew things tend to think about those functionalities and addedvalue mobile application services from the perspective of usefulness and ease of use and operation.
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to illustrate the relationship be – -tween demographic factors and perceived risk types, supposingthat Korean customers tend to postpone buying or hesitate topurchase the new version of hand sets, because of an earlybuying risk. Research design, data, and methodology- Inadditiontoexisting perceived risk types, the authors introduced an early buying risk. In order to measure each variable, also, the study hasemployed a five-point Liker-scale. To increase research reliabilityandvalidity,theresearchadoptedanexploratoryfactoranalysis,a confirmatory factor analysis, and one-way ANOVA. Results- First, there were statistically significant differencesbetween financial risk and the group. Second, there weren’t anystatistically significant differences between the group meansamong the four perceived risk types (Performance Risk, SocialRisk, Psychological Risk, and Physical Risk) and 4 factors(Gender, Age, Job, and Education). Lastly, job is apparently differentiated from others (Gender, Age, and Education). Conclusions The authors found that customers regarded an –early buying risk as one of the important perceived risk types,when purchasing a hand set.
Abstract
Purpose- This study attempted to identify any influencing relationships, between the antecedent variables and the members'innovative work behavior, which were expected to influence organizational performance based on the extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB). Research design, data, and methodology-Thesurveywasconducted on SMEs in Seoul and its metropolitan area. A totalof 158 copies of effective questionnaires were used and wereanalyzed through correlation analysis, regression analysis, andmultiple regression. Results- Self-efficacy, value, intrinsic motivation, and self-enhancing bias have been found to have a positive relationshipwith innovative work behavior. In addition, transformational leadership was found to moderate the existence of a statisticallysignificant negative influence between value, intrinsic motivation,and innovative work behavior. Conclusions- The results suggest that leaders will be successful in winning members' trust through conducting their behaviors in accordance with the applicable ethical and moralstandards and through their fair, transparent, and legitimatemanagement practices with an attitude of 'taking the initiativeand setting an example', and this will help solve such problems.
Abstract
Purpose- This study aims to develop and empirically test amulti-dimensional service convenience scale with the dimensionsand measurement items of service convenience perceived byKorean consumers in retail contexts. Research design, data, and methodology- The study adoptsthe framework suggested by Berry et al. (2002) and conceptualizes service convenience as a second-order reflectiveconstruct comprising 31 items. Three department store chains(Hyundai, Lotte, and Shinsegae) and three discount store chains(E-mart, Homeplus, and Lotte Mart) were involved 510 valid responses were used for the empirical testing. Results- The measurement model is acceptable for internalconsistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Further, the structural model results show that service convenience is positively related to satisfaction. Results of the rivalmodel comparison indicate that the proposed second-order factormodel provides a better fit to the data than both the five-factorand the one-factor model. Conclusions - The multi-dimensional, second-order conceptualization of service convenience is robustly supported. Thisstudy provides psychometrically valid scales to measure serviceconvenience in retail contexts as conceptualized by Berry et al. (2002).
Abstract
Purpose - Recently, although corporate social responsibilityactivities have been increasing in size, they do not have to achieve qualitative improvements and can be passive and costconsuming. Therefore, companies should make quantitative aswell as qualitative improvements in their efforts in corporate social responsibility activities. In this study, the classification of social responsibility activitiesin a variety of studies was analyzed through a more specificpath than in previous studies. Corporate behavior image, socialbehavior image, and corporate contributions image were analyzed through a more detailed analysis of performance. This study suggests that more detailed and concentrated social responsibility activities be pursued by forming companies. Research design, data, and methodology- The purpose ofstudy is to gauge the corporate need for a more intensive, specific area of CSR activities. For this purpose, the sample ofconsumers that were targeted for CSR activities, recognized as261 persons, have been investigated. Through a theoretical discussion on previous research, nine hypotheses were establishedon corporate image, the influence of corporate performance onCSR, and the CSV regulation effect. In order to test the hy -pothesis, a survey was conducted on 261 male and female consumers who were targeted for CSR, being persons in their 20sto 40s. PASW Statistics 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 were used forstatistical analysis. Results- Corporate behavior image was formed through le -gal responsibility activities and economic responsibility activities. In addition to economic responsibilities, ethical responsibilitiesand environmental responsibilities were confirmed to have influ-ence on social behavior image. Corporate social responsibilityand philanthropic responsibility were confirmed to have influenceon economic contribution image. Corporate image has positiveeffects on brand attitude, corporate reputation, and corporatecompetition. In addition, when CSV awareness is high, consumers perceive corporate image only through economic responsibility. However, when CSV awareness is low, economic responsibilityas well as legal responsibility through charitable activities formthe corporate image that influences the brand attitude and corporate reputation, as well as corporate competitiveness. It wouldappear that the area of corporate social responsibility needsmore intensive management for corporate image and corporatecompetitive advantage. Conclusion- First, the findings of this study show that eachCSR activity has a different effect on corporate image and thus,the corporate image influences corporate performance in distinctways, depending on the CSR activity. This implies that reactivestrategies should be tailored to the required image. Second,there is a difference in CSV awareness between groups. Whenthe CSV awareness is low, we can confirm that legal responsibility activities have an especially significant effect on corporateimage, implying that corporations should pursue their economicobjectives within legal regulations and need to invest significanttime and effort for this. This study has limited generalization potential because the result of the model fit has insufficient reference value. In futureresearch, we need to approach various dimensions of corporate performance.
Abstract
Purpose After Korea’s Free Economic Zone (FEZ) system –was launched in 2003, there have been many debates aboutupgrading it and its support systems. However, as of 2013,there were insufficient results. Further, upon the designation ofthe East Coast and Chungbuk as official FEZs from February 4,2013 by the 56th the Commission, there is a concern thatmany people are in the area designated as FEZ 8. This studyinvestigates Korea's new FEZ system as part of Korea's primarynew economic development policy in the 21st century. Therefore, this study examines views on the weaknesses of thepast ten years of FEZs so that Korea can expand its FEZsystem. Research design, data, and methodology Many countries –have considered the FEZ as an economic special zone. By reviewing previous research models, this study provides an updateusing recent data and materials, until 2013, from the Center ofFree Economic Zones. In previous studies, the lack of supportsystems was attributed to proposals to ensure operational autonomy and differentiation of each FEZ; however, the maincause cannot be solved through regulatory issues, as difficultiescaused by the operational system are responsible for theproblems. We wish to analyze the FEZ, specifically the operational system; this is the main issue of this study. Results After the first FEZs were established, it became –necessary to have basic plans, as investment results in 2013compared to the same period this year led to lower earnings inthe first half of 2014. We propose an improvement of the operational system because in the free economic zones, the operational system is the root cause of the underlying problem. The results of this research are as follows. The weak management of the FEZ system is influenced by weak investment, delayed development, foreigners' living facilities, benefits of foreigninvestments, the control tower's policy making decision process,quickness of the process of satisfying legal requirements, andsupport For the independence of FEZs. Conclusion- Local governments do not have legal rights overFEZ deregulation and investment industries. This study suggeststhat the local government should have more independence fromthe central government. Moreover, independent managementcommittees are more effective for ensuring public rights, betteremployee responsibilities, and better-qualified personnel. TheFEZ committee struggles to effectively manage the locations ofFEZs, foreign investments, and related facilities under the control of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. Thus, theFEZ committee should be under either the Prime Minister's office or the Presidential committee, to control and effectively coordinate between the local and central governments. If the problem clearly applies to the operational system in 2013, it is necessary to provide materials and methods so that the results ofthe first half of 2014 can be computed despite the data limitsand lack of resources, and the data can be analyzed in a morediachronic thesis.