바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

The Effect of Ambient Sadness on Hedonic Choice

The Journal of Distribution Science / The Journal of Distribution Science, (P)1738-3110; (E)2093-7717
2015, v.13 no.3, pp.11-19
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.13.3.201503.11
Choi, Nak-Hwan
Oyunbileg, Tamir
Tsogtbayar, Naranzul
  • Downloaded
  • Viewed

Abstract

Purpose - This study examines the strength of sadness and the belief it will last, as regards the effects of the degree of self-extension to the sad-evoking event on choice behavior related to self-control dilemmas. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - In an experiment involving high and low self-extension groups, 261 undergraduates answered self-administered questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested using AMOS 19.0 and path analysis. Results - The positive relationship between the degree of self-extension to the sad-evoking event and hedonic vs. utilitarian food choices was mediated by the belief that the sadness will last. There is a significant indirect path from the degree of self-extension (to the sad-evoking event) to the strength of the sadness, and to the belief that it will last with respect to hedonic vs. utilitarian food choices. Conclusions - These results show that beliefs about sad emotion transience depend on both the degree of self-extension to the sad-evoking event and the strength of sadness, and that the belief that sad emotions are transient makes sad people susceptible to temptation when facing self-control related dilemmas.

keywords
Emotion Transience Theory, Hedonic vs. Utilitarian Choice, Sadness, Self-Extension

Reference

1.

Ambady, Nalini, and Gray, Heather M. (2002). On Being Sad and Mistaken: Mood Effects on the Accuracy of Thin-Slice Judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 947-961.

2.

Andrade, Eduardo B. (2005). Behavioral Consequences of Affect:Combining Evaluative and Regulatory Mechanisms. Journal of Consumer Research, 32(December), 355-362.

3.

Barber, Sara J., Gordon, Ruthanna, and Franklin, Nancy (2009). Self-relevance and Wishful Thinking: Facilitation and Distortion in Source Monitoring. Memory & Cognition, 37, 434–446.

4.

Baumeister, Roy F., Heatherton, Todd F., and Tice, Dianne M. (1994). Losing control: How and Why People Fail at Self-Regulation. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

5.

Belk, Russel W. (1988). Possessions and the Extended Self. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(2), 139–168.

6.

Bodenhausen, Galen V., Sheppard, Lori A., and Kramer, Geoffrey P. (1994). Negative Affect and Social Judgment: The Differential Impact of Anger and Sadness. European Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 45-62.

7.

Bower, Gordon H. (1981). Mood and Memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129–148.

8.

Cheung, Mike W. L. (2007). Comparison of Approaches to Constructing Confidence Intervals for Mediating Effects Using Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(2), 227-246.

9.

Cheung, Gordon. W., and Lau, Rebecca S. (2008). Testing Mediation and Suppression Effects of Latent Variables:Bootstrapping with Structural Equation Models. Organizational Research Methods, 11(2), 296-325.

10.

Clark, Margaret S., and Isen, Alice M. (1982). Toward Understanding the Relationship Between Feeling States and Social Behavior. In Hastorf, A. and Isen, A. M. (Eds), Cognitive Social Psychology (pp. 73-108), NewYork : Elsevier.

11.

Cryder, Cynthia E., Lerner, Jennifer S., Gross, James J., and Dahl, Ronald E. (2008). Misery is Not Miserly: Sad and Self-Focused Individuals Spend More. Psychological Science, 19, 525–530.

12.

Dodson, Jonathan K. (1996). Peak Experiences and Mountain Biking: Incorporating the Bike into the Extended Self. Advances in Consumer Research, 23(1), 317–322.

13.

Dolfsma, Wilfred (2004). Consuming Symbolic Goods: Identity and Commitment-Introduction. Review of Social Economy, 62(3), 275

14.

Feather, Norman T. (1992). An Attributional and Value Analysis of Deservingness in Success and Failure Situations. British Journal of Social Psychology, 31(June), 125-145

15.

Fedorikhin, Alexander, and Patrick, Vanessa (2010). Positive Mood and Resistance to Temptation: The Interfering Influence of Elevated Arousal. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(December), 698–711.

16.

Fenigstein, Allen, Sceier, Micheal F., and Buss, Arnold (1975). Public and Private Self Consciousness: Assessment and Theory. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 522-527.

17.

Forgas, Joseph P., and Bower, Gordon H. (1987). Mood Effects on Person-Perception Judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 53–60.

18.

Garg, Nitika, and Lerner, Jennifer S. (2013). Sadness and Consumption. Journal of Consumer sychology, 23(1), 106-113.

19.

Garg, Nitika, Wansink, Brian, and Inman, J. Jeffrey (2007). The Influence of Incidental Affect on Consumers' Food Intake. Journal of Marketing, 71, 194–206.

20.

Gilbert, Daniel X., Pinel, Elisabeth C., Wilson, Timothy D., Blumberg, Stephen J., and Wheatley, Thalia P. (1998). Immune Neglect: A Source of Durability Bias in Affective Forecasting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(3), 617-638.

21.

Giner-Sorolla, Roger (2001). Guilty Pleasures and Grim Necessities: Affective Attitudes in Dilemmas of Self-Control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), 206-221.

22.

Greenwald, Anthony G., Banaji, Mahzarin R., Rudman, Laurie A., Farnham, Shelly D., Nosek, Brian A., and Mellott, Deborah S. (2002). A Unified Theory of Implicit Attitudes, Stereotypes, Self-esteem, and Self-Concept. Psychological Review, 109, 3–25.

23.

Han, Seunghee, Lerner, Jennifer S., and Keltner, Dacher (2007). Feelings and Consumer Decision Making: The Appraisal-Tendency Framework. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(3), 158-168.

24.

Heider, Fritz (1958). Psychology of Interpersonal Relations. New York: Wiley.

25.

Hofstede, Geert (1980). Culture’s consequences. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

26.

Isen, Alice M., and Means, Barbara (1983). The Influence of Positive Affect on Decision-Making Strategy. Social Cognition, 1, 18-31.

27.

Jonhson, Marcia K., and Nolde, Scott F. (1996). Emotional Focus and Source Monitoring. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 135-156.

28.

Keltner, Dacher, Ellsworth, Phoebe C., and Edwards, Kari (1993). Beyond Simple Pessimism: Effects of Sadness and Anger on Social Perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(5), 740-752.

29.

Kivetz, Ran, and Keinan, Anat (2006). Repenting Hyperopia: An Analysis of Self-Control Regrets. Journal of Consumer Research, 33(September), 273-282.

30.

Kleine, Susan S., Kleine, Robert E. III, and Allen, Chris T. (1995). How is Possession "me" or "not me"? Chracterizing Types and an Antecedent of Material. Journal of Consumer Research, 22(3), 327-343

31.

Labroo, Aparna A., and Mukhopadhyay, Anirban (2009). Lay Theories of Emotion Transience and the Search for Happiness: A Fresh Perspective on Affect Regulation. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(August), 242-254.

32.

Labroo, Aparna A., and Rucker, Derek D. (2010). The Orientation-Matching Hypothesis: An Emotion-Specificity Approach to Affect Regulation. Journal of Marketing Research, 47(5), 955-966.

33.

Lerner, Jennifer S. and, Keltner, Dacher (2000). Beyond Valence: Toward a Model of Emotion-Specific Influences on Judgment and Choice. Cognition and Emotion, 14(4), 473–493.

34.

Lerner, Jennifer S., and Keltner, Dacher (2001). Fear, Anger, and Risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(1), 146–159.

35.

Macho, Siegfried, and Ledermann, Thomas (2011). Estimating, Testing and Comparing Specific Effects in Structural Equation Models: The Phantom Model Approach. Psychological Methods, 16, 34-43.

36.

Mick, David, and Faure, Corinne (1998). Consumer Self-Gifts in Achievement Contexts: The Role of Outcomes, Attributions, Emotions, and Deservingness. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 15(4), 293-307.

37.

Mittal, Banwari (2006). I, Me, and Mine - How Products Become Consumers' Extended Selves. Journal of Consumer Behavior, 5(6), 550-562.

38.

Perkins, Andrew W., and Forehand, Mark R. (2012). Implicit Self-Referencing: The Effect of Non-Volitional Self-Association on Brand and Product Attitude. Journal of Consumer Research, 39 (1), 142-156.

39.

Pham, Michel T. (1998). Representativeness, Relevance, and the Use of Feelings in Decision-Making. Journal of Consumer Research, 25, 144–159.

40.

Rindskopf, David (1984). Using Phantom and Imaginary Latent Variables to Parameterize Constraints in Linear Structural Models. Psychometrika, 49, 37-47.

41.

Schaller, Mark, and Cialdini, Robert B. (1990). Happiness, Sadness, and Helping: A Motivational Integration,In E. T. Higgins and R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Hand book of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior (pp. 265), New York: Guilford Press.

42.

Schwarz, Norbert (1990). Feelings as Information: Informational and Motivational Functions of Affective States. In E. T. Higgins, & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior (pp. 527–561), New York: Guilford Press.

43.

Schwarz, Norbert, and Clore, Gerald L. (1983). Mood, Misattribution and Judgments of Well-Being: Informative and Directive Functions of Affective States. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 45, 513–523.

44.

Shen, Hao, and Wyer, Robert S. Jr (2008). The Impact of Negative Affect on Responses to Affect-Regulatory Experiences. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 18(1), 39-48.

45.

Smith, Craig A., and Ellsworth, Phoebe C. (1985). Patterns of Cognitive Appraisal in Emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 813-838

46.

Talarico, Jennifer M., and Rubin, David C. (2003). Confidence, Not Consistency, Characterizes Flashbulb Memories. Psychological Science, 14, 455–461.

47.

Tamir, Maya, John, Oliver P., Srivastava, Sanjay, and Gross, James J. (2007). Implicit Theories of Emotion: Affective and Social Outcomes across a Major Life Transition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(4), 731-744.

48.

Tice, Dianne M., and Bratslavsky, Ellen (2000). Giving in to Feel Good: The Place of Emotion Regulation in the Context of General Self-Control. Psychological Inquiry, 11(3), 149-159.

49.

Triandis, Harry C. (1989). The Self and Social Behavior in Differing Cultural Contexts. Psychological Review, 96, 506–520.

50.

Wansink, Brian, Cheney, Matthew M., and Chan, Nina (2003). Exploring Comfort Food Preferences across Gender and Age. Physiology and Behavior, 79, 739–747.

51.

Wood, Stacy L., and Bettman, James R. (2007). Predicting Happiness: How Normative Feeling Rules Influence (and Even Reverse) Durability Bias. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(3), 188-201.

52.

Zillman, Dolf (1988). Mood management: Using Entertainment to Full Advantage. In L. Donohew, H. E. Sypher, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Communication, Social Cognition, and Affect (pp. 147–171), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

The Journal of Distribution Science