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open access
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ISSN : 1229-0718
This study examined the moderating effect of preschoolers’ effortful control temperament and mother mindful parenting on the process of preschoolers behavioral inhibition temperament affecting social-emotional competence. For this purpose, 274 mothers of children aged 36 to 84 months, 137 boys (50.0%) and 137 girls (50.0%), were surveyed. Preschoolers’ behavioral inhibition temperament, effortful control temperament, social-emotional competence, and mother mindful parenting were measured. The hypotheses were tested using the PROCESS macro for moderated moderation analysis. Results showed a significant three-way interaction between preschoolers’ behavioral inhibition temperament, effortful control temperament, and mother mindful parenting. Alternatively, these results suggest that effortful control temperament and mother mindful parenting can change the influence of the behavioral inhibition temperament on preschoolers’ social-emotional competence. Based on the results, useful information for appropriate intervention in parent counseling and education can be obtained by identifying preschoolers’ temperament characteristics and examining the level of mother mindful parenting accordingly.
This study investigated the effect of early parental attachment on interpersonal problems through the mediation of self-emotional recognition and emotional regulation in adulthood. Data were collected from 265 adults using questionnaires. We used bootstrapping techniques from Hayes' PROCESS macro program to estimate the hypothesized serial mediation. Insecure parental attachment was significantly associated with emotion recognition, both of which were in turn related to emotion regulation, and subsequently to interpersonal problems. Specifically, emotion recognition and regulation fully mediate the relationship between anxiety-ambivalent attachment and independent interpersonal problems. Otherwise, emotion recognition and regulation fully mediate the relationship between avoidant attachment and dependent interpersonal problems. These results suggest that different types of insecure parental attachment have different effects on interpersonal problems in adulthood.
This study validated the Korean New Media Literacy Scale (K-NMLS)—a Korean adaptation of the NMLS by Koc and Barut (2016)—and its abbreviated version, the Korean New Media Literacy Scale Short Form (K-NMLS-SF). Based on data from an online survey of 322 Korean adults in their 20s, confirmatory factor analysis suggested that a two-factor structure (consumption and prosumption) adequately represented the data. We confirmed criterion validity through an analysis of the associations between K-NMLS and digital competence-related constructs. To enhance the utility of K-NMLS while preserving its core purpose, a 9-item version, K-NMLS-SF, was validated using the same procedure as for the K-NMLS. The implications of validating K-NMLS and K-NMLS-SF were discussed.
This study examined the longitudinal influence of mothers’ antenatal and postnatal depression, and the moderation effect of fathers’ involvement in child rearing. Participants comprised 98 mothers and fathers residing in metropolitan areas. At the sixth month of pregnancy, mothers reported their levels of antenatal depression. Levels of postpartum depression and fathers’ involvement were subsequently reported at four months after birth. Additionally, mothers provided ratings for parenting stress, self-efficacy and parental acceptance at ten months after birth. The findings indicated mothers’ antenatal depression significantly predicted their postpartum depression. Furthermore, these early depressive symptoms in mothers predicted subsequent parenting variables. However, the influence of mothers’ antenatal depression on parenting stress lost its significance when fathers’ involvement was high. Thus, fathers’ involvement appeared to act as a protective factor. This suggests that fathers’ active engagement in child rearing can serve as an intervention and prevention for mothers’ mental health.
Parenting behavior that reflects cultural values plays an important role in the infants’ socialization and development of self-recognition. While proximal parenting strategies are used more frequently by caregivers who value social relations, distal parenting strategies are preferred more by caregivers who value individualism. No studies have examined predominant parenting strategies used by Korean caregivers in this respect. The present study employed a time-sampling method to analyze 54 Korean mothers’ parenting strategies during play interactions with their 14 to 20-month-olds. Additionally, our study examined the relationships between Korean mothers’ parenting strategies and factors related to infants and mothers. The results showed that Korean mothers heavily relied on distal parenting strategies, using mutual eye gaze and verbal contact more frequently than proximal strategies such as body contact or directive action. These results suggest that current generations of Korean mothers may value independence and autonomy more than social relations and harmony. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between the mothers’ parenting strategies and infants’ gender, age, and annual parental income. These findings suggest that the parenting strategies of Korean mothers may induce various changes in their infants’ development.
This study investigated how children aged 7–12 (N = 120) infer about intra- and inter-group exclusion. Children heard a scenario in which a child was engaged in a cooperative activity with two peers from either their group or a different group, but then was excluded from future cooperation by the peers. Children's moral evaluations of the exclusion, inferences about the cooperation of the excluded child, and willingness to intervene were assessed. The findings revealed that children, regardless of age, evaluated both exclusions as morally wrong. Children aged 10–12 inferred that the target of intragroup exclusion would be less cooperative than intergroup and were less willing to help in intragroup than intergroup exclusion. These results suggest that children as young as 10–12 years old negatively assess the target of intragroup exclusion and exhibit a lower willingness to intervene compared to intergroup exclusion.
“Parenting by lying” refers to the parenting behavior whereby parents use lies to control their children’s emotions and behaviors. This widespread parenting practice is known to predict psychosocial maladjustment among children. However, few studies have examined the antecedents of this phenomenon. This study is intended to investigate the relationship between parenting stress, parenting by lying, children’s lying to their parents, and children’s psychosocial maladjustment among 195 parents of children aged 6 to 12. The results indicated that parents with higher levels of parenting stress lied more frequently, resulting in increased dishonesty among children toward their parents, ultimately contributing to children’s psychosocial maladjustment. This study is the first attempt to identify parenting stress as a preceding factor for parenting by lying among parents of school-aged children. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
This study is intend to test the longitudinal effect of a postpartum depression (PD) intervention counseling program designed both for husbands to improve mothers PD and for selected mothers (DP score≥13 and participants of KDCPA's cohort study). Husbands were divided into treatment (n=6) and control (n=8) groups. Mothers' PD, marital satisfaction (MS), mother-child interaction, unstructured interaction, patemal depression, anxiety, parental efficacy, and job stress were measured five times: before the intervention, after the intervention, one month after the intervention, the child=12 months, and the child=24 months. The two groups differed significantly in all variables. Mothers' PD, mother-child interaction, and unstructured interaction were consistently effective. Mother-child interaction, PD, and mothers' MS had the largest effects. and the program was more effective for mothers than fathers. This study is the first attempt to test the longitudinal effect of a short-term PD intervention counseling program for husbands.