본 연구에서는 자기결정성이론(Self-determination-Theory)과 Rogers의 인간중심적 접근에 근거하여 모의 양육태도(자율성지지 vs. 조건부 관심)가 자녀의 동기(자율적 vs. 통제적)를 매개로 하여 친사회적 행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 확인해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 이론 및 선행연구에 근거한 연구모형을 수립하고 이를 검증하였다. 본 연구에는 대학생 166명이 참여하였으며, 이들은 모의 자율성지지 태도, 조건부 관심 태도(조건부 관심강화 또는 조건부 관심철회), 자율적 동기, 통제적 동기 및 친사회적 행동 경향성을 자기보고식으로 평정하였다. 구조방정식 모형을 통해 연구모형의 적합도와 매개효과를 검증한 결과, 모의 자율성지지 양육태도는 자율적 동기를 매개로 하여 친사회적 행동을 정적으로 예측하였으며, 모의 조건부 관심 양육태도는 통제적 동기를 매개로 하여 자녀의 친사회적 행동을 부적으로 예측하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 모의 자율성지지 양육태도 또는 조건부관심 양육태도와 친사회적 행동 간의 관계를 이해할 때 자율적 동기 또는 통제적 동기와 같은 동기 변인이 함께 고려되어야 할 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 또한 본 연구는 모의 자율성지지 양육태도가 자녀의 자율적 동기 및 친사회적 행동에 미치는 순기능적 역할 및 모의 조건부관심 양육태도가 자녀의 통제적 동기 및 친사회적 행동에 미치는 역기능적 역할을 실증적으로 확인함으로써 양육프로그램 개발에 필요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다는 점에서 연구의 유의미성을 짚어볼 수 있겠다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relations among perceived mother's autonomy support, conditional regard, autonomous motivation and prosocial behavior. This study investigated whether autonomous motivation mediates the otherwise direct effects that perceived mother's autonomy support and conditional regard have on prosocial behavior. One-hundred and sixty six students self-reported their class-specific perceived mother's autonomy support, conditional regard, autonomous motivation and prosocial behavior. Structural analyses showed that autonomy support contributed positively to autonomous motivation while conditional regard(conditional positive regard and conditional negative regard) contributed positively controlled motivation; autonomous motivation in turn contributed positively to prosocial behavior while controlled motivation contributed negatively to prosocial behavior. Test for mediation showed that autonomous motivation mediated the direct effect autonomy support had on prosocial behavior.; while controlled motivation mediated the direct effect conditional regard had prosocial behavior.
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