본 연구에서는 완벽주의의 두 하위요인(‘높은 기준’, ‘불일치’과 성인애착의 두 차원(불안애착, 회피애착)을 조합할 때 어떤 군집이 발생하는지 살펴보고 군집에 따라 외모불만족, 외모지향성, 이상섭식행동, 우울 및 삶의 만족도에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 211명의 여대생들을 대상으로 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 다음과 같이 네 군집이 도출되었다. 먼저, ‘비완벽주의-안정애착 집단’은 ‘높은 기준’과 ‘불일치’ 수준이 낮고 불안애착과 회피애착이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, ‘적응적 완벽주의-안정애착‘ 집단은 ’높은 기준’ 수준은 높지만 ‘불일치’ 수준이 낮고 불안애착과 회피애착이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이 집단은 네 집단 중 외모불만족과 우울 수준이 가장 낮고 삶의 만족도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, ‘부적응적 완벽주의-불안애착’ 집단은 ‘높은 기준’과 ‘불일치’ 수준이 높고 회피애착은 낮지만 불안애착은 높은 집단으로 다른 집단에 비해 외모지향성과 이상섭식행동 수준이 높은 것으로 드러났다. 마지막으로, ‘부정적 자기평가-불안정애착’ 집단은 ‘높은 기준’ 수준은 낮지만 ‘불일치’ 수준이 높고, 불안애착과 회피애착 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 집단은 네 집단 중 외모불만족과 우울 수준이 가장 높고 삶의 만족도가 가장 낮은 것으로 확인되었다.
This study examined a) natural grouping of 211 Korean female college students in terms of two subscales of perfectionism (high standard and discrepancy) and two dimensions of adult attachment (anxiety and avoidance) and b) the differences on appearance dissatisfaction, appearance orientation, abnormal eating behaviors, depression, and life satisfaction among the cluster groups. The results of cluster analysis yielded four groups. First, the ‘nonperfectionism-stable attachment’ group was characterized by low levels of high standard, discrepancy, anxiety attachment, and avoidance attachment. Second, the ‘adaptative perfectionism-stable attachment’ group, characterized by high levels of high standard and low levels of discrepancy, anxiety attachment, and avoidance attachment, reported the lowest levels of appearance dissatisfaction and depression, yet highest level of life satisfaction. Third, the ‘maladaptive perfectionism-anxious attachment’ group, characterized by high levels of high standard, discrepancy, and anxiety attachment and a low level of avoidance attachment, reported the highest levels of appearance orientation and abnormal eating behaviors. Lastly, the ‘negative self-evaluation-unstable attachment’ group, characterized by a low level of high standard but high levels of discrepancy, anxiety attachment, and avoidance attachment, showed the highest levels of appearance dissatisfaction and depression, yet lowest level of life satisfaction.
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