The Mediating Effect of Subtypes of Rumination on the Relationship between Perceived Gender Discrimination and Depression: Intrusive and Deliberate Rumination
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of intrusive and deliberate rumination on the relationship between perceived gender discrimination and depression. For this purpose, two models were established: a hypothesized model and a comparison model. A total of 221 employed women participated in paper-and-pencil and online surveys and responded to the scales that measured the experience of gender discrimination, intrusive and deliberate rumination, and depression. We developed a hypothesized model that included a path from perceived gender discrimination to intrusive rumination, a path from perceived gender discrimination to deliberate rumination, a path from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination. In addition, three alternative models were developed (Model 1 not including a path from perceived gender discrimination to deliberate rumination, Model 2 not including a path from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination, and Model 3 examining a total score of rumination as a mediator). The results showed that the mediating effect of intrusive rumination on the relationship between perceived gender discrimination and depression was signifiant. Further, the path that perceived gender discrimination led to depression by dual mediating effects of intrusive rumination and deliberate rumination was significant. Such findings implied that perceived discrimination was associated with depression thought intrusive rumination, but, if intrusive rumination turned to deliberate rumination, it could decrease a level of depression. The implications for counseling and future research and limitations of this study were discussed.
- keywords
- 성차별경험, 침습적 반추, 의도적 반추, 우울, Perceived gender discrimination, intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, depression
Reference
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