ISSN : 1738-3110
Purpose - Aging and fewer economically active people have challenged the assumption of continuous population increases. A new real estate valuation methodology reflecting changes in population structure is thus needed. Research design, data, and methodology - The relationship between demographic change and changes in real estate prices is analyzed using ordinary least squares (OLS) to estimate the parameters, and a population structure change (PSC)-Binomial Option Model is developed to assess the volatility of the estimated parameters. Results based on Seoul and Shanghai data are compared. Results - Results of the DCF method indicate that investing in Seoul is better than investing in Shanghai, but the binomial option indicates the opposite. The PSC-binomial option model, reflecting changes in population structure, yields higher values (24.6 million won in Seoul and 43.3 million won in Shanghai) than those given by the binomial option model. Conclusions - This study indicates that applying changes in population structure to existing research, such as in the binomial option model, represents a more accurate real estate valuation method. Results demonstrate that the new model is more accurate than existing models such as the DCF or binomial option.
Amram, M., & Kulatilaka, N. (1999). Real Options: Managing Strategic Investment in an Uncertain World. USA, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Black, F., & Scholes, M. (1973). The pricing of options and corporate liabilities. Journal of Political Economy, 81, 637-654.
Bulan, L., Mayer, C., & Somerville, C.T. (2009). Irreversible investment, real options, and competition: Evidence from real estate development. Journal of Urban Economics, 65(3), 237-251.
Capozza, D.R., Hendershott, P.H., Mack, C., & Mayer, C.J. (2002). Determinants of real house price dynamics, National Bureau of Economic Research. 9262.
China real estate index system (2013), Index of home sales price in Sanghai. Retrieved October 9, 2013, from http://www.real-estate-tech.com/creis
Cox, J.C., Steven, A.R., & Mark, R. (1979). Option Pricing: A Simplified Approach, Journal of Financial Economics, 7(3), 229–263.
Engelhardt, G.V., & Poterba, J.M. (1991). House prices and demographic change: Canadian evidence. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 21(4), 539-546.
Gu, S.H., Wang, P., & Jang, S.Y. (2014). A study on the valuation of real estate using the applies real option model considering population structure changes. Korean Management Science Review, 31(1), 1-10.
Harry, S.D. (2011). The Great Crash Ahead: Strategies for a World Turned Upside Down. USA, New York: Free Press.
Jiang, D., Chen, J.J., & Isaac, D. (1998). The effect of foreign investment on the real estate industry in China. Urban Studies, 35(11), 2101-2110.
Kabisch, S., & Grossmann, K. (2013). Challenges for large housing estates in light of population decline and ageing:Results of a long-term survey in East Germany. Habitat International, 39, 232-239.
KB Bank Composite index of home sales price (2013), Index of home sales price in Seoul. Retrieved October 9, 2013, from http://nland.kbstar.com/quics?page=B025949
Kim, K.H. (2000). Korea: could a real estate price bubble have caused the economic crisis. Asia’s Financial Crisis and the Role of Real Estate, 99-114.
Michailidis, A., & Mattas, K. (2007). Using real options theory to irrigation dam investment analysis: an application of binomial option pricing model. Water Resources Management, 21(10), 1717-1733.
Myers, S.C. (1997). Determinants of corporate borrowing. Journal of Financial Economics, 5, 147-175.
Noguchi, Y., & David, A.W. (2008). Aging in the United States and Japan: economic trends. USA, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Noorbakhsh, F., Paloni, A., & Youssef, A. (2001). Human capital and FDI inflows to developing countries: New empirical evidence. World development, 29(9), 1593-1610.
Quigley, J.M. (1999). Real estate prices and economic cycles. International Real Estate Review, 2(1), 1-20.
Ryu, T.C., & Lee, S.Y. (2012). A study on the evaluation of and demand forecasting for real estate using simple additive weighting model: The case of clothing stores for babies and children in the Bundang area. Journal of Distribution Science, 10(11), 31-37.
Sabour, A. (1999). Decision making with option pricing and dynamic programming: development and application. Resources Policy, 25(4), 257-264.
Shen, J., & Pretorius, F. (2013). Binomial option pricing models for real estate development. Journal of Property Investment & Finance, 31(5), 3.
Smit, H.T., & Ankum, L.A. (1993). A real options and game-theoretic approach to corporate investment strategy under competition. Financial Management, 241-250.
Statistics Bureau Japan (2013). Monthly Population Estimates for the Japan. Retrieved October 10, 2013, from http://www.stat.go.jp
Statistics Korea (2013). Monthly Population Estimates for the Korea. Retrieved October 10, 2013, from kostat.go.kr
Trigeorgis, L. (1999). Real Options-Managerial Flexibility and Strategy in Resource Allocation. UK, London: MIT Press.
U.S. Census Bureau (2013). Monthly Population Estimates for the United States. Retrieved October 10, 2013, from http://factfinder2. census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview. xhtml?src=bkmk
Xili, T., Zhou, H., Shichao, J., & Shuang L. (2012). Study on the impact of population factors on real estate price of Jilin city based on regression model. In World Automation Congress, 1-3.
Xu, J. (2010). Growing and Declining of Aged Population Asymmetric Real Estate Price Reactions: The Proof of China. In Advances in Wireless Networks and Information Systems, 275-279.
Yeo, K.T., & Qiu, F. (2003). The value of management flexibility a real option approach to investment evaluation. International Journal of Project Management, 21(4), 243-250.
Zhu, H. (2006). The structure of housing finance markets and house prices in Asia. BIS Quarterly Review, 12, 55-69.