open access
메뉴The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of depression and anxiety in the relationship between perceived father and mother bonding behaviors and internet addiction symptoms in middle school students. For this study, self-reports data were collected from 1092 students in P metro city for parenting behaviors, internet addiction, depression, and anxiety. Correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) were employed to examine the hypotheses. Results of this study were as follows. First, father and mother bonding behaviors were negatively correlated with most of subscales of internet addiction symptoms although no correlation was seen in father control, a subscale of father bonding behaviors. Second, father and mother bonding behaviors were negatively correlated with depression, and anxiety. Third, depression and anxiety was positively correlated with internet addiction. Third, the results of structural equation model showed that father and mother bonding behaviors did not directly affect to internet addiction symptoms, while depression and anxiety displayed mediating effects between father and mother bonding behaviors and internet addiction symptoms. Additionally, the effect size of mediating in mother bonding behaviors was larger than those of father bonding behaviors. Based on the results, findings and implications were discussed.
This study investigated the moderating roles of avoidant coping strategies in online and offline space and gender in the relationship between interpersonal conflict and depression. A total of 622 adults completed a survey packet including the measures of interpersonal conflict, use of avoidant coping strategy in online space and offline space, respectively, depression, and demographic information including gender. After deleting cases with missing values, univariate and multivariate outliers, 589 cases (263 men and 326 women) were included in analyses. The hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the interaction effect of interpersonal conflict, avoidant coping in online space, avoidant coping in offline space, and gender on depression. The results showed that the three-way interaction effects of interpersonal conflict, online avoidant coping, and gender as well as interpersonal conflict, offline avoidant coping, and gender were significant. The subsequent slope difference tests indicated that the moderation effects of online and offline avoidant coping strategies were found only with men. For men, the greater use of online avoidant coping was related to a lower level of depression under the condition of greater interpersonal conflict. However, the more use of offline avoidant coping was related to greater depression when men experienced greater interpersonal conflict. The implications of the findings were discussed.
The purpose of this study was to examine science or engineering students’ gender and affiliation (undergraduate students vs. graduate students) differences in perceptions of career barriers. We used survey response data from 392 students who attended an engineering university in GyeongBuk Province. MANCOVA was conducted to find net effects of gender and affiliation on career barriers after controlling for an effect of GPA. According to the results of MANCOVA, there were significant gender differences in career barriers. The tests of between-subjects effects indicated that there were gender differences in relationship difficulties, conflicts with significant others, and lack of physical confidence. There were also significant affiliation differences in career barriers. The tests of between-subjects effects indicated that there were differences between undergraduate students and graduate students in lack of career information and age barriers. Although an interaction effect of gender and affiliation was not significant in MANCOVA result, the tests of between-subjects effects indicated interaction effects were identified in lack of self-definiteness, relationship difficulties, and lack of career information. The results suggest that gender difference was greater within graduate students and that female graduate students relatively perceived a higher level of career barriers. Implications for counseling and suggestions for future studies were discussed.
Present study explored gender differences on job burnout among 441 South Korean employees. According to job demands-resources model, job characteristics were divided into two categories as job demands(workload, role conflict, emotional demands) and job resources(autonomy, social support, opportunities to learn). Demographic variables were also included in regression analyses to test influences on burnout among predictors. Results show that male employees reported rather higher levels of job demands and resources than female employees, and the levels of emotional demands and overall job demands were significantly different. Male and female employees showed no significant differences on burnout levels. This supports the earlier finding of Maslach & Jackson(1985) that gender itself is not a strong predictor of employee burnout. Regression analyses indicated that the importance of predictors on three burnout constructs was different between male and female employees. Based on the results, implications, limitations, and suggestions for further researches were discussed.