Abstract

Most researchers in the past have not paid much attention to the covert processes in counseling, in spite of the obvious fact that counseling participants' covert feelings and thoughts, influence counseling processes. Recently, Martin's (1984) Cognitive Mediational Paradigm and Hill's(1985) counseling process model empasize counselor's and client's cognitive processes and challenge Precess-Product Paradigm, which tends to focus on overt variables in counseling process. Though Martin's and Hill's models have some difference in their concepts and methodogies, both models propose basically similar counseling process, which usually proceeds in the order of Counselor's Cognition → Counselor's Verbal Behcviors → Client's Cognition → Client's Behaviors. This review discussed results of several researches regarding the validity of the two models, comparing the two models in terms of their concepts and methods, and proposed a new counseling process model integrating the two models. According to this integrated model, counselor's accurate perception of clint's covert psychological responses and behaviors enables counselor to formulate appropiate counseling intentions, and thus the counselor becomes ready to commuunicate those intentions to the client. The communication on the part of counselor, in turn, facilitate to client's psychological reaction and communicative behaviors which will eventually result in positive counseling outcome. It is noted that accumulation of the immediate outcomes of the psychological bearing on the session effectiveness, and ultimately on the entire counseling outcome. The paper also discusses pertient research themes and some methodology for testing the hypotheses of this integrated model.