불안은 인간에게 있어 흔한 심리적인 상태이나, 과도하거나 통제할 수 없는 경우 병리적인 불안으로 이어질 수 있다. 불안에 영향을 미친다고 알려진 변인들을 연구하고 그 기제를 규명하는 것은 불안장애의 효과적인 치료적 개입을 위해 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 불안에 영향을 미친다고 알려진 변인 중 완벽주의 성향이 불안에 이르는 경로에서, 상대적으로 연구 결과가 제한적인 모호함에 대한 부정적 해석 편향과 인지적 회피의 관계를 알아보았다. 이에, 대학생의 완벽주의 성향과 불안 수준의 관계에서 모호함에 대한 해석 편향과 인지적 회피의 매개효과를 가정하고 이를 검증해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 여대생 434명을 연구 대상으로 표집 하여 이 중 결측치가 있거나 불성실하게 응답한 자료를 제외한 367명의 자료를 기초로 SPSS 18.0과 SPSS Macro(Hayes, 2012)를 사용하여 상관분석, 중다회귀분석, 다중매개효과분석을 실시하여 불안 수준에 대한 인과 구조 모형을 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 완벽주의 성향과 불안의 관계에서 모호함에 대한 부정적 해석 편향과 인지적 회피의 순차적 매개효과과 유의하다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점에 관하여 논의하였다.
Anxiety is common psychological state for human being. But it can lead to pathological anxiety if it is uncontrollable or excessive. Examining variables known to affect anxiety and figuring out the mechanism is crucial to understand anxiety disorders. This study was aimed to examine effects of maladaptive perfectionism, interpretation bias for ambiguity, and cognitive avoidance on anxiety level. The total of 367 college students who completed the self-report questionnaires on maladaptive perfectionism, interpretational bias for ambiguity, cognitive avoidance, and state anxiety were included. The data were analyzed using SPSS Macro method by Hayes(2012). The results indicated double partial mediation effect of relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and state anxiety was statistically significant. These findings suggest that interpretation bias for ambiguity and maladaptive perfectionism may be promising targets for early intervention of anxiety. The implications and limitations were discussed along with some suggestions for the future studies.
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