ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구는 상담자의 경험수준에 따른 언어반응의 차이를 상담과정 변인중 하나인 저항상황과 연관시켜 알아보고자 하였다. 여기에서 저항상황은 상담장면에서 내담자가 상담의 중단을 요구하는 상황을 말한다. 이러한 상황에서 숙련상담자와 초보상담자의 언어반응에서 어떠한 차이가 나타나는 지를 분석한 것이다. 숙련상담자와 초보상담자의 구분기준은 상담자의 경력을 위주로 하였으며 개인상담 경 력 5년 이상인 자를 숙련상담자로 개인상담 경 력 2년 이하인 자를 초보상담자로 정의하였다. 이러한 기준에 의해 구분된 숙련상담자 23명과 초보상담자 40명이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 숙련상담자와 초보상담자가 내담자의 저항상황에 대해 반응한 내용은 몇 가지 방법으로 분석되었으며 그 결과, 숙련상담자는 초보상담자에 비해 반응내용이 대체로 유사하였으며 상담자의 언어반응에 있어 유목간 반응내용과 유목내 반응내용에서 숙련상담자는 공감, 반영 및 의미탐색과 정보요구 반응을 초보상담자보다 많이 반응하여, 숙련상담자는 초보상담자와는 달리 내담자의 심정을 단순히 공감, 반영해 주는 데에서 그치는 것이 아니라 구체적인 탐색을 통하여 내담자 자신의 생각을 정리해 볼 수 있도록 유도해 가는 경향을 보여 두 집단간에 언어반응 내용상의 질적인 차이가 있었다.
The Present study was to identify the difference of features of verbal responses between the experienced and novice counselor to a situation of client's resistance during a counseling session. In considering that the client's resistance against the involvement into the counseling situation is an important factor in accomplishing the success of the counseling, it is important to see how this kind of troubling resistance situation could be solved and dealt with by the counselor, and how it can be solved by the counselor's degree of couseling experience. For this purpose, the counselor's level of practical/clinical experience was considered as the critical criteria to distinguish the novice from the experienced counselor. The experienced counselor in the study was considered as a professional who had at least 5 year practical experience, and the novice was considered as the couselor who had practical experience with below 2 years. For the purpose, the experienced(n=23) and novice counselors(n-40) were selected as subjects. An episode to show a critical moment of a client's resistance was developed and administrated through questionaire both the two groups. The purpose of the questionaire was to analyze how each group differently responded to the situation. Three counselor experts applied Friedlander's (1982) Hill Counselor Response Category-revised to the responses of two groups and analyzed them in two ways- (1)feature in responses of 23 experienced counselors on the basis of the Inventory (identification of recurrent categores shown in the experienced counselor group's responses; (2)grouping similar responses shown in the whole subjects' responses without the distinction of two groups and developing them to new categories(n=18). The results are as follows. The experienced counselors's responses were converged into two categories* (1) empathy, reflection ; (2) information-seeking. While the novice's responses were hard to be grouped into certain categories because their responses were dispersed widely, the analysis showed that the experienced counselors effectively used the aforementioned two strategies for solving the dilemma of the clients' resistance.
