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ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구에서는 부모화(parentification)된 자녀의 개인적 및 가족관계적 특성을 다양한 연구방법을 이용하여 알아보고자 했다. 연구 1에서는 270명의 대학생을 대상으로 그들의 부모화 수준을 양적으로 측정하고 가계도를 분석하였으며, 연구 2에서는 그들의 인간관계 보고서를 통해 부모화 수준에 따라 충성심 및 자아분화수준에서 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 연구 3에서는 이들 중 62명을 상담하여 부모화된 자녀가 가족 내에서 담당하는 역할을 알아보고자 했다. 연구 결과, 일반 가정의 자녀에게서보다 가족원의 질병, 사망, 부모의 갈등 및 별거, 이혼 그리고 재혼을 경험한 자녀에게서 부모화가 더 강하게 나타났다. 또한, 부모화가 높은 자녀일수록 충성심이 높고, 자아분화 수준은 낮았으며, 가족의 삼각화에 개입하는 경향성이 더 강했다. 또한, 이들은 부모로부터의 심리적 독립을 충분히 발달시키지 못함으로써 가족 내 갈등에 더 많이 개입하는 특성을 보였다. 또한 부모화된 자녀들은 가족 내에서 강박적 배려자, 책임자 및 지도자, 부모 욕구의 대리자, 보호자 및 위로자의 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 부모화된 자녀들이 심리적으로 위험성을 내포하고 있어 이들을 위한 정신건강 차원에서의 심리치료가 필요함을 함축한다.
The present study aims to examine the characteristics of parentified children at individual and family-related levels using a variety of methods. In Study 1, a total of 270 Korean undergraduates completed the Parentification Questionnaire-Adult and pictured their genealogical chart. Study 2 examined the parentified children's psychological characteristics related to filial loyalty, and self-differentiation based on their narratives. In Study 3, 62 students were subject to counseling to explore what roles parentified children assumed within their family contexts. The results suggest that highly parentified children tendto engage more frequently in their family conflicts. Also, parentified children show more filial loyalty to and less self-differentiation from their parents. Finally, parentified children are more inclined to take a role of compulsive care-giver, responsible person, manager, and comforter. These findings implythat parentified children may be at more serious psychopathological risks, suggesting that psychological interventions be tailored to parentified children.
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