본 논문에서는 완벽주의의 개념화와 측정도구의 발전 과정을 살펴보고 완벽주의의 역기능적인 특징과 완벽주의에 대한 주요 치료적 접근을 소개하였다. 완벽주의는 일차원적인 개념에서 다원적인 개념으로 확장되고 정교화 되어 왔으며 최근에는 적응적 완벽주의와 부적응적 완벽주의가 완벽주의의 독립적인 두 차원임이 여러 연구를 통해서 시사되고 있다. 완벽주의 측정에는 다차원적인 척도들이 흔히 사용되고 있으며 완벽주의 척도를 구성하는 요인은 척도에 따라 상당한 차이를 보이고 있어, 아직 완벽주의의 평가적 차원에 대한 합의는 이루어지지 않고 있다. 완벽주의 척도들은 대개 인지, 행동, 대인동기적인 차원을 포함하고 있었다. 완벽주의의 역기능적인 특징으로 인지적인 면에서는 완벽주의와 관련된 비합리적 신념과 인지적 오류에 대해서 살펴보았고, 정서적인 면에서는 완벽주의와 우울 및 불안의 관련성을 위주로 살펴보았다. 완벽주의적인 특징이 두드러지는 정신병리로는 섭식장애와 강박장애를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 완벽주의에 대한 치료적인 접근은 인지행동치료, 정서중심적 치료, 정신역동-대인관계 치료를 중심으로 소개하였다.
This study reviewed conceptualizations of perfectionism and perfectionism measurement tools, and introduced both dysfunctions in terms of perfectionism and therapeutic approaches of perfectionism. The concept of perfectionism was extended and elaborated upon from a uni-dimensional concept to that of a multidimensional concepts. Recently, it has been suggested that perfectionism has two independent dimensions which are adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism. Multidimensional scales were often used to measure perfectionism and the factors composing of each scale have many differences. The assessment dimensions of perfectionism did not yet come to any agreement. Perfectionism scales generally include the cognitional, behavioral, interpersonal-motivational dimensions. We reviewed irrational beliefs and cognitive errors among dysfunctional cognitions of perfectionism and reviewed depression and anxiety among emotions related to perfectionism. We also reviewed relations of eating disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder with perfectionism. We introduced cognitive-behavioral therapy, emotion-focused therapy, psychodynamic-interpersonal therapy as possible therapeutic approaches to perfectionism.
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