본 연구는 외상 사건을 경험한 성인 407명(남 208명, 여 199명)을 대상으로 외상사건경험, 반추(침습적 반추, 의도적 반추), 외상 후 성장(PTG), 외상 후 스트레스(PTSD) 증상 간의 구조적 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 성별에 따라 외상 사건 경험에서 외상 후 성장 및 외상 후 스트레스 증상에 영향을 미치는 경로가 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 침습적 반추를 거쳐 의도적 반추에 영향을 주는 경로가 포함된 가설적 연구모형과 침습적 반추에서 의도적 반추로 가는 경로가 제외된 경쟁모형을 각각 설정하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 외상사건 경험은 침습적 반추를 완전매개로 외상 후 성장과 외상 후 스트레스 증상에 간접적으로 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 외상사건 경험은 침습적 반추와 의도적 반추를 순차적으로 완전 매개하여 외상 후 성장에 간접적으로 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 외상사건 경험에서 침습적 반추까지의 경로 및 침습적 반추에서 의도적 반추까지의 경로에서 성별에 따른 차이가 있음이 밝혀졌다. 끝으로 본 연구의 주요 결과를 참고하여 본 연구의 의의 및 한계점에 대하여 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study was two-fold: explore the mediating effects of rumination (both intrusive and deliberate) on posttraumatic growth (PTG) and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) resulting from a traumatic event(s) and investigate gender-based differences. For this purpose, two models were established: a hypothesized model and a comparison model. Participants included 407 adults: 208 males and 199 females. Results are as follows: Rumination fully mediated the traumatic event experience and had an indirect effect on posttraumatic growth. Intrusive rumination fully mediated the relationship between posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Multi-group analysis confirmed significant gender-based differences regarding the pathway from a traumatic event experience to the intrusive rumination and in the pathway from intrusive rumination to deliberate rumination. Limitations and implications for future study are discussed.
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