본 연구에서는 DSM-Ⅳ-TR의 진단기준과 대인 및 비대인외상사건 여부에 따른 심리적 증상의 차이를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전국에 거주하는 성인 1,000명을 대상으로 온라인 설문을 통해 사건체크리스트, 사건충격척도, 간이증상척도, 정서조절곤란척도를 사용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 이 가운데 분석이 가능한 651명의 자료를 구조방적식 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과, 진단기준사건과 비진단기준사건, 대인외상사건과 비대인외상사건 간에는 각각 심리적 증상의 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 진단기준-대인외상사건, 진단기준-비대인외상사건, 비진단기준-대인외상사건, 비진단기준-비대인외상사건으로 나누어 심리적 증상의 차이가 있는지 확인한 결과, 진단기준-비대인외상사건은 비진단기준-비대인외상사건보다 PTSD 증상의 하위요인과 정서조절곤란을 더 많이 유발하는 것으로 나타났고, 진단기준-대인외상사건보다 과각성에서 더 많은 증상을 나타냈다. 비진단기준-대인외상사건은 비진단기준-비대인외상사건보다 PTSD 증상의 하위요인, 심리적 디스트레스, 정서조절곤란 모두에서 더 많은 증상을 유발하는 것으로 나타났고, 진단기준-대인외상사건보다 심리적 디스트레에서 더 많은 증상을 유발하는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구결과를 토대로 논의 및 시사점이 제시되었다.
The aim of this study was to distinguish psychological symptoms according to both DSM criterion and the type of trauma experienced. From a sample of 1,000 adults residing in South Korea, 651 statistically relevant samples were extracted. Results did not show significant differences in symptoms between DSM criterion events and non-DSM criterion events. The DSM criterion non-interpersonal trauma group did however display more PTSD symptoms along with more emotion regulation difficulties than the non-DSM criterion non-interpersonal trauma group. Hyperarousal, a subtype of PTSD, was shown to develop more among the DSM criterion non-interpersonal trauma group than the DSM criterion-interpersonal trauma group. Further, the DSM non-criterion interpersonal trauma group displayed more PTSD symptoms, psychological distress, and emotion regulation difficulties than the DSM non-criterion non-interpersonal trauma group. In light of these results, counseling implications and suggestion for further research are discussed.
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