최근 한국사회는 장애인 인구가 증가하고 있지만 이에 부응하는 장애인 상담체계는 부족한 상황이다. 장애는 하나의 문화로 간주될 수 있으므로 장애인 상담은 다문화적 관점으로 접근해 나가는 것이 적절하다. 다문화적 장애인 상담은 개인의 고유한 경험과 장애인으로서의 정체성 경험 그리고 사회․정치적 맥락을 함께 조망한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다문화적 관점에서 장애인 상담을 조망하여 상담자로서 갖추어야 하는 자각, 지식, 기술 및 태도를 살펴보고자 한다. 국외 선행연구를 토대로 다문화적 장애인 상담을 위한 상담자 윤리, 문화적 유능성과 문화적 겸손, 실제 상담 지침들에 관해 고찰하였다. 상담자 윤리는 다문화적 접근과 맥을 같이 하며, 문화적 유능성은 다양한 문화 집단과 효율적으로 작업하는데 있어서의 자각, 지식, 기술을 의미하며, 문화적 겸손은 다양한 문화 집단에 대해 가지는 마음가짐을 뜻한다. 본 연구는 상담자가 장애 문화에 대한 유능성과 문화적 겸손을 갖추는데 근간이 되는 장애인 상담의 주요 지침들을 설명했으며 아울러 국내 장애인 상담의 적용가능성에 대한 제언을 제시했다. 이는 다문화적 관점에서의 한국의 장애인 상담과 상담자 교육 및 수련과정에 기초자료로서 의의가 있다.
The psychological counseling system in South Korea has struggled to keep up with the needs of the increasing number of individuals with disabilities seeking counseling services. Because disability can be regarded as a culture, it may be appropriate to approach counseling for people with disabilities from a multicultural perspective. Multicultural disability counseling considers individual and identity experiences, and social and political contexts. This study aimed to examine the awareness, knowledge, skills and attitudes of counselors regarding people with disabilities from a multicultural perspective. Guided by similar studies in foreign countries, the authors examined counseling ethics, cultural competence, cultural humility, and practical counseling guidelines for multicultural disability counseling. The results of this study can serve as the basis for improving counselor education and training to increase the effectiveness of counselors in South Korea working with clients with disabilities by using a multicultural perspective.
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