본 연구의 목적은 사회정의와 옹호 역량을 상담실제에서 효과적으로 구현하는 데 기여하는 주요 개념으로 비판적 의식과 상호교차성을 제안하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 비판적 의식의 개념 및 측정, 경험적 연구, 그리고 선행연구에서 제시한 개입방안을 개관하였다. 둘째, 상호교차성의 개념과 역할, 경험적 연구, 그리고 상담심리 영역에서 상호교차성의 활용을 증진하기 위한 개입방안을 논의하였다. 마지막으로, 비판적 의식과 상호교차성 개념의 도입이 다문화 시대의 국내 상담자 교육에 가지는 의의와 향후 도전 및 과제를 논의하였다. 비판적 의식과 상호교차성은 상담자가 사회구조적인 억압과 불평등을 보다 종합적으로 이해하고 사회변화를 위한 실천적 활동을 유능하게 수행할 수 있도록 도울 것이다. 또한, 이들 개념은 다문화 상담역량을 과정-중심적이고 전생애 발달의 관점에서 접근하도록 하여 다문화 상담역량 증진을 위한 노력이 지속되고 심화될 수 있도록 도울 것이다.
The purpose of this study is to propose critical consciousness and intersectionality as valuable constructs for incorporating social justice and advocacy competencies into counseling practice. To this end, the authors reviewed the conceptualization, measurement, empirical evidences, and intervention strategies of critical consciousness. Next, the concepts and roles, empirical studies, and intervention strategies associated with intersectionality are reviewed. The authors then discussed the implications, challenges and considerations of incorporating these two constructs into counselor education in a multicultural era. They argue that critical consciousness and intersectionality can help counselors more comprehensively understand structural oppression and inequalities, and competently perform actions to promote social change. These constructs also help counselors take process-oriented and developmental approaches to building multicultural counseling competencies, which can maintain and deepen their efforts to cultivate multicultural competencies.
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