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메뉴This study examined a model in which the relation between perceived contextual support and career indecision was expected to be mediated by coping self-efficacy and outcome expectancy for a sample of engineering students (N = 672). Structural equation analyses revealed that the link between contextual support and career indecision was fully mediated by coping self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. Statistically significant paths were found from contextual support to coping self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. Statistically significant paths were also found from self-efficacy and outcome expectancy to career indecision. In addition, there were significant gender differences in the mean scores of the variables and model fits. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
This study investigated the validity of the objectified body-consciousness scale(OBCS) and the relationship between OBC, body-esteem, and independent-interdependent self-construal based on the survey data drawn from female college students in three East Asian countries: Korea, Japan, and China. 160 Korean, 140 Japanese, and 90 Chinese female college students responded to questions designed to measure OBC, body-esteem, and self-construals. The results showed that OBC factor structure in Korean sample is the same as the original OBC structure. However, in the Chinese and Japanese samples, the OBC factor structure is same as the original one, but specific items are somewhat different from the original OBC items. This means that some items of sub-factor are not an appropriate for Japanese and Chinese in its current form. OBC sub-factors, body surveillance, shame, and control beliefs are correlated to body-esteem. There are significant negative correlations between shame and both appearance esteem and weight esteem, but none of the OBC sub-dimensions is non-significant correlation with bodily function esteem. Body surveillance, shame, and control beliefs are correlated to self-construals. Interdependent self-construal shows a significant positive correlations with body surveillance and shame, but has a significant negative correlation with control beliefs. Overall, these results revealed that females' OBC is affected by interdependent self-construal. Furthermore, the results supported the assertion that different socio-cultural, political, and economic contexts in the three nations are related to the different OBC structure and body-esteem level among female college students.
This study examined the Internet usage patterns of adolescent and the relationship between their usage patterns and their pathological symptoms. Using data related to 657 adolescents, this study analyzed the frequency of login, the duration of login, the motive for accessing the Internet, and the major login area. It was observed that boys were more exposed to the Internet than girls and that boys used the Internet more frequently than girls did. Both girls and boys reported boredom (i.e., having “nothing to do”) as the primary reason for accessing the Internet. Boys mostly played games, whereas girls mainly listened to music or watched films on the Internet. The main effect of the duration of the login and the gender and the interaction effect of the duration of the login and the gender were significant. Thus, boys were correlated with more severe pathological symptoms, and the longer the login, the more severe was the symptom. The findings also demonstrated that boys exhibited more severe symptoms than girls did but that the symptoms aggravated faster in girls than in boys in the intolerance, the orientation toward the virtual relationship, and the compulsive preoccupation toward the virtual space .
The attachment theory that emphasizes the emotional bond between a caregiver and a child has been the base of the theory of maternal deprivation. The tendency of research on attachment recently for 10 years in Korea shows that most attachment research has been conducted about infants and toddlers and rarely interested in father-children attachment compared to mother-children attachment. In addition, caregivers' development through being parents has been hardly examined although attachment is the reciprocal relationship between parents and children. The researcher reinterprets the meaning of motherhood and fatherhood based on attachment theory and suggests the importance of father involvement and the need of coparenting. Parents' own development through parenting is also discussed.
This study examines the interrelation between personal psychological variables and the number of intention childbirth possibility. The targets are 286 women university students. The result shows that university students are willing to have more children as their satisfactory level for their present life is high, anxiety and loneliness degree are low, and as they are content with their relationship with mothers. It can be concluded that university students a expect positive parent-child relationship as their relationship between parents and children has been good and mental health status is stable, thus leads to have positive effect in the number of intention childbirth possibility and recommended number of childbirth.
This study was tried to evaluate the effects of preventive educational program for re-offending of juvenile sexual offenders, which is based on a cognitive behavioral treatment. In this study, participants were 30 juveniles under probation who committed sexual offenses. For the juveniles, CUSI(Coping Using Sex Inventory), PAI(Personality Assessment Inventory), BDI (Buss-Durkee Inventory), Barratt Impulsiveness ScaleⅡ, and Interpersonal Depression Inventory were used to evaluate the effects of the program as Pre and Post-Tests. Interviews with their parents were carried out to identify the effects and implications of this program. In the result of this study, the juveniles suggested the significant positive shift in coping with stress using sexual images, affective depression, verbal aggression, reckless impulsiveness, and interpersonal anxiety. The parents in this research reported to recognize the necessity of the parental education program and anticipate the individual counseling concerning a parental role. These results confirmed the positive educational and therapeutic effects of the program for the juveniles and parents. Explanations and implications of the results were discussed and the directions of the future studies were suggested.
Autonomy in Marriage(AM; Chang, 2008) considers the compatibility state of 2 sub-factors(Autonomous Self, Respect for Spouse's Autonomy) as psychological autonomy in the context of marriage. This paper purposes to examine the effect of AM on marital quality and the mediation effect of conflict management strategy. Mail survey was conducted on 456 Japanese married men and women sampled by probability sampling method in ages between 35 and 75. Results indicated that (a) the participants were classified into 5 types of couple by the degree of AM with different demographic characteristics; (b) in the case of group where husband and wife had high degree of AM, the marital quality was highest; and also (c) the group with high AM used adaptive conflict management strategy. These results empirically corroborates that AM had significant positive effect on marital life. Furthermore, results suggested that the pursuit of autonomy was as important as the pursuit of connectedness in marriage and the importance of equivalent autonomy at the same time. Finally, the significance of this study, limitations were discussed.
The purpose of this study is to extend a behavioral model for marriage with respect to marital support and conflict resolution behaviors. This study investigated the effect of both negative life events and economic stress on marital satisfaction through marital support and conflict resolution behavior. 226 married couples in Seoul metropolitan area and vicinity were selected for this study. Data were analyzed in two ways; 1) within-spouse analyses, and 2) cross-spouse analyses. The results showed that the mediating effects of marital support and conflict resolution behavior on the relationship between stress and marital satisfaction varied by gender and causes of the stress. For husbands, neither their own and their wives' marital support nor their own and their wives' conflict resolution behaviors mediated the relationship between their negative life events and their marital satisfaction. However, economic stress influenced partially their marital satisfaction through the mediating effects of their wives' marital support and their own and their wives' conflict resolution behaviors. For wives, their negative life events influenced directly and indirectly the marital satisfaction through both their own and their husbands' support and conflict resolution behaviors. Both their own and their husbands' marital support and conflict resolution behaviors mediated partially the relationship between economic stress and her marital satisfaction. Both husbands and wives economic stress influenced directly their marital satisfaction. Specifically, their own and their spouses' marital support influenced their marital satisfaction more than conflict resolution behaviors did. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed, and the suggestions for further studies were recommended.
This study was to compare the differences on attitudes toward emotional expression, depression and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help between female college students and married women. The subjects were a total of 280 with 87 married women and 193 female students attending college schools located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The results of the study were as follows: First, there was no difference on attitudes toward emotional expression between female college students and married women. Second, there was a difference in the symptom and level of depression between female college students and married women. This result indicated the female college students have higher depression and more ‘negative feelings' than the married women. Third, there was a difference on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help between female college students and married women. That is, the married women had more positive attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help than the female college students. Lastly, as the result of the correlation among every variable, there were a significant positive correlation between attitudes toward emotional expression and depression, a negative correlation between attitudes toward emotional expression and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. These results revealed the women who had higher attitudes toward emotional expression, have higher depression, but have more possibility to have lower seeking professional psychological help. Further implications for counseling practice and future research were suggested. Also, the limitations of current research were discussed.