ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구에서는 자기표현의 집중훈련과 분산훈련이 자기표현행동ㆍ대인관계ㆍ자아존중감ㆍ행복감에 미친 효과를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 자기표현에 문제가 있다고 느끼는 일반성인 17명을 집중 훈련 대상으로 삼아, 이들에게 1주 동안 주 3회 매회 8시간-8시간 30분간 총 25시간의 자기표현훈련을 실시하였다. 분산훈련 대상은 자기표현에 문제가 있다고 느끼는 일반성인 23명으로서, 이들에게는 10주 동안 주 1회 매회 2시간 30분간 총 25시간의 자기표현훈련을 실시하였다. 훈련대상 모두에게 훈련을 시작하기 전파 훈련을 모두 마친 후, 자기표현행동 척도ㆍ대인관계변화 척도ㆍ자아존중감 검사ㆍ행복감 지표를 이용하여 사전검사와 사후검사를 하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자기표현훈련은 집중훈련집단과 분산훈련집단의 자기표현행동을 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 증진시켰다. 그러나 이런 훈련의 효과는 집중훈련집단에서 보다 분산훈련집단에서 더욱 크게 나타났다. 둘째, 자기표현훈련은 집중훈련집단과 분산훈련집단의 전반적인 대인관계를 바람직한 방향으로 변화시켰다. 그러나 대인관계변화 척도의 하위영역인 민감성 점수는 집중훈련집단과 분산훈련 집단에서 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되지 않았으며, 개방성 점수는 분산훈련 집단에서만 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되었다. 셋째, 자아존중감 점수는 분산훈련 집단에서만 통계적으로 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 일반적인 정서상태를 향상시키는데 있어서 분산훈련의 효과가 집중 훈련의 효과보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났으나, 삶에 대한 만족을 향상시키는데 있어서는 집중훈련과 분산훈련간에 유의한 차이가 없었다.
The present Study was designed to compare the effects of intensive assertiveness training and non-intensive assertiveness training on assertive behavior, interpersonal relationship, self-esteem, and general sense of well-being. Intensive assertiveness training group subjects were 17 adults who felt problems in assertiveness. Non-intensive assertiveness training group subjects were 23 adults who felt problems in assertiveness. For intensive assertiveness training group, assertiveness training program was administered for 1 week, 3 times a week and each training program lasted 8 to 8.5 hours. For non-intensive assertiveness training group, assertiveness training program was administered for 10 weeks, once a week and each training program lasted 2.5 hours. Same assertiveness training program was applied to both groups. Same instruments were also administered before and after the program in both groups. The instruments used in this study were Rathus Assertiveness Scale, Relationship change Scale, Self-Esteem Inventory, and Index of Well-Being. The Pretest-Posttest design was used for both groups to measure the effectiveness of the intensive and non-intensive assertiveness training program. For statistical comparison of the effectiveness of intensive assertiveness training and that of non-intensive assertiveness training, MANOVA was used. The results were as follows: First, statistically significant increase of assertive behavior was found in both groups after the application of assertiveness training program. The results showed that assertive behaviors of subjects in non-intensive assertiveness training group were improved more than those in intensive assertiveness training group. The training effect of non-intensive assertiveness training was statistically better than that of intensive assertiveness training for increasing assertive behavior. Second, statistically significant improvement in overall interpersonal relationship was found in both groups after the application of assertiveness training program. There was no statistically significant training effect difference between intensive assertiveness training and non-intensive assertiveness training. Although the scores of 7 subareas of relationship change scale were increased in both groups, the subarea of sensitivity was not statistically improved in both groups. Besides, the subarea of openness in intensive assertiveness training group was not statistically improved. Third, although the scores of self-esteem in both groups were increased, only in non-intensive assertiveness training group self-esteem improved statistically. The training effect of non-intensive assertiveness training was statistically better than that of intensive assertiveness training for enhancing self-esteem. Lastly, the scores of General Affect and Overall Life Satisfaction, which were two subareas of general sense of Well-Being, were improved statistically in both groups after the application of assertiveness training. There was no statistical training effect difference between intensive assertiveness training and non-intensive assertiveness training for enhancing overall life satisfaction. However, there was training effect difference for improving general affect. Statistically non-intensive assertiveness training was more effective than that of intensive assertiveness training for improving general affect. As summarized above, intensive assertiveness training statistically improved scores of all the measures except self-esteem and two subareas of relationship change scales such as sensitivity and openness. Non-intensive assertiveness training, however, statistically improved scores of all the measures except sensitivity, the subarea of relationship change scale. Besides, the results showed that non-intensive assertiveness training was statistically more effective than intensive assertiveness training for improving assertive behavior, self-esteem, and general affect.
