ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구는 중․고등학교에 재학 중이면서 학교부적응과 비행문제를 보이는 잠재된 비행청소년 30명과 문제행동을 보이지 않는 일반청소년 30명의 애착유형과 아동기 양육경험 및 문제행동을 비교 분석하였다. 연구 대상군에게는 AAI(성인애착검사), K-YSR, 교사에게는 품행장애․반항성장애 판별체크리스트를 실시하였다. 결과 집단별 애착유형분포는 잠재된 비행청소년이 무시형〉자율형〉몰입형〉미해결/비조직형 순으로 나타났고, 일반청소년은 자율형〉무시형〉몰입형 순으로 나타났다. 잠재된 비행청소년은 일반청소년보다 아동초기 부정적 생활사건을 더 많이 경험하였으며, 잠재된 비행청소년 중 불안정애착유형은 안정애착유형보다 부정적 생활사건을 더 많이 경험하였고, 일반청소년은 안정애착유형과 불안정애착유형 모두 비슷하게 부정적 생활사건을 경험을 한 것으로 나타났다. 애착유형별 집단간 아동기 양육경험을 비교한 결과, 잠재된 비행청소년은 일반청소년에 비해 부모와의 애정경험이 적었고, 아버지의 거부경험과 방임경험이 많았다. K-YSR에서 잠재된 비행청소년은 일반청소년에 비해 사고문제를 제외한 모든 문제행동점수가 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 애착유형별 문제행동에서는 일반청소년은 유형별 차이가 없었으나, 잠재된 비행청소년은 불안정애착유형인 경우 안정애착유형보다 문제행동을 더 많이 보였다.
Attachment types, related childhood experiences, and behavior problems in 30 potential delinqency adolescents with school maladjustment and delinquency problems and 30 non-potential delinqency adolescents without any conduct problems have been compared and analyzed in this study. The AAI and K-YSR for adolescents and Conduct/oppositional Defiant Disorder Diagnosis Checklist for teachers administered by examiner. The results have showed that a distribution of attachment types was Dismissing > Autonomous > Preoccupied > Unresolved/disorganized (in the descending order) type in potential delinqency adolescents and Autonomous > Dismissing > Preoccupied type in non-potential delinqency adolescents, respectively. Potential delinqency adolescents have had larger number of negative life experiences in early childhood than non-potential delinqency adolescents. Also, potential delinqency adolescents of insecurely attached types have had larger number of negative life experiences than secure attachment types. However, there was no difference in numbers of negative life experiences between stable and unstable attachment types innon-potential delinqency adolescents. Comparison of childhood parenting experiences has showed that potential delinqency adolescents have experienced less parental affection and more parental rejection and neglect than non-potential delinqency adolescents. In the K-YSR, potential delinqency adolescents showed more behavior problems than non-potential delinqency adolescents.
김재희, (2001) 부적응 청소년 집단의 애착 유형 연구, 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료
손석한 ; 노경선 ; 허묘연 ; 정현옥 ; 이소희 ; 김세주, (2001) 청소년기 문제행동과 부모 양육행동에 관한 연구, 신경정신의학
오윤희, (2001) 청소년기 애착유형과 지각된 부모양육행동- 재소중인 비행집단, 위험집단, 정상집단의 비교, 한국심리학회지: 임상
원호택, (1990) 靑少年 犯罪行動 誘發 要因에 대한 心理學的 硏究, 서울: 한국형사정책연구원
조현진, (1991) 가정교육과 청소년 비행의 관계: 심층적 면접에 의한 분석 , 한국심리학회지: 발달
Achenbach, T. M. , (1991) Manual for Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile, Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry
Achenbach, T. M, (1991) Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR, and TRF profiles. , Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry
Adam, K. S, (1996) Attachment organization and history of suicidal behavior in clinical adolescents , Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Ainsworth, M. D. S, (1989) Attachment beyond infancy, American Psycholoist,
Allen, J. P, (1994) Longitudinal assessment of autonomy and relatedness in adolescent-family interactions as predictors of adolescent ego development and self-esteem, Child Development
Allen, J. P, (1996) Attachment insecurity and related severe adolescent psychopathology: An eleven- year follow-up study, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Allen, J. P, (1999) Attachment in adolescence; Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications , New York NY: The Guilford Press
Allen, J. P, (1998) Attachment and adolescent psychosocial functioning, Child development
Becker-stoll, F, (1997) Adolescent-mother interaction and attachment: A longitudinal study, Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development
Bowlby, J, (1944) Forty-four juvenile thieves: Their character and home life, International Journal of Psychologsis
Bowlby, J. , (1953) Child care and the growth of love, Harmondsworth, England: Penguin
Bowlby, J. , (1969) Attachment and loss: Vol. 1, Attachment. New York: Basic Books
Buchanan, C. M, (1991) Caught between parents: Adolescents' experience in divorced homes, Child Development
Cassidy, J, (1994) The insecure/ ambivalent pattern of attachment: Theory and research. Child Development,
Cicchetti, D, (1995) A developmental psychopathology perspective on child abuse and neglect, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Dodge, K. A., , (1990) how chronic conduct problems develop, Unpublished grant proposal to the National Institute of Mental Health ,
Dodge, K. A. , (1991) The structure and function of reactive and proactive aggression; The development and treatment of childhood aggression, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Dodge, K. A, (1995) SSocial information processing patterns partially mediate the effect of early physical abuse on later conduct problems, Journal of Abnormal Psychology
George, C, (1984) Attachment interview for adults. Unpublished manuscript, University of California at Berkeley
George, C, (1985) An adult attachment interview: Interview protocol. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley
George, C, (1996) Adult Attachment Interview. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychology, 3d, University of California, Berkeley
Grotevant, H. D, (1983) Sanfrancisco: Jossey-Bass, Adolescent development in the family, SanFrancisco: Jossey-Bass
Hamilton, (2000) Continuity and Discontinuity of Attachment from Infancy through Adolescence. , Child Development
Kenny, M. E, (1996) Attachment and psychological well-being among racially and ethnically diverse first-year college students , Journal of College Student Development
Gamble, W. , (1993) Kobak, R. R., & Cole, H. E., Ferenz-Gillies, R, Fleming, W. S., & Attachment and emotion regulation during mother-teen problem solving: A control analysis, Child Development
Kobak, R. R, (1994) Attcahment and metamonitoring: Implication for adolescent autonomy and psychopathology , Rochester Symposium on Development and psychopathology
Kobak, R. R, (1988) Attachment in late adolescence: Working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others , Child Development
Labey, B, (1988) Psychopathology in the parents of children with conduct disorder and hyperactivity, J Am Acad Child Psychiary
Lyons-Ruth, K. , (1996) Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems: The role of disorganized early attachment patterns, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Main, M, (1996) Adult Attachment Classification System. Unpublished manuscript, University of California
Main, M, (1998) Adult Attachment Classification System, Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley
Papini, D. R, (1992) Adolescent perceived attachment to Parents in relation to competence, depression, and anxiety: A longitudinal study, Journal of Early Adolescence
Patterson, C, (1989) A development perspective on antisocial behavior, J Am Psychology
Perris, C, (1994) Parenting and psychopatholopy, England: John Willy & Sons Ltd.
Rae-Grant, N, (1989) Risk, protective factors, and the prevalence of behavioral and emotional disorders in children and adolescents, J Am Acad Childadolesc Psychiatry
Reiss, D, (1995) Genetic questions for environmental studies: Differtial parenting and psychopathology in adolescence, Archives of General Psychiatry
Renken, B, (1989) Early childhood antecedents of aggression and passive withdrawal in early elementary school, Journal of Personality
Rey, J. M, (1990) Quality of perceived parenting in oppositional and conduct disordered adolescents. , J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Rosenstein, D. S, (1996) Adolsescent attachment and Psychpoathology, Journal of Consulting and Clinical psychology
Rutter, M. , (1995) Clinical implications of attachment concepts: Retrospect and prospect. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,
Rutter, M. , (1995) Maternal deprivation; Handbook of parenting: Vol. 4, Applied and practical parenting, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
Rutter, M, (1995) Psychosocial disorders in young people: time trends and their causes, Published for Academia Europaea
Speltz, M. L, (1991) Attachmant in preschoolers with disruptive behavior: A comparison of clinic referred and nonproblem children, Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting the Society for Research in child Development
Toth, S. L, (1996) Patterns of relatedness, depressive symptomatology and perceived competence in maltuated children, Journal of Consulting and clinal Psychopathology
Wasserman, G. A, (1996) Parenting predictors of early conduct problems in urban, high-risk boys, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent psychiatry
Waters, E, (2000) A Secure Base from which to Explore close Relationships, Child Relationships, Child Development
Waters, E, (1995) Attachment security from infancy to early adulthood: A 20-year longitudinal study, Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Develpment
Waters, E, (2000) The Stability of Attachment Security from Infancy to Adolescence and Early Adulthood: General Discussion, Child Development
Zeanch, C. H, (1994) Attachment disorders in infancy; Child and adolescent psyciatry: Modern approaches, Oxford, England: Blackwell
