본 연구는 한국 대학생들의 자존감의 수반성(contingencies of self-worth; Crocker & Wolfe, 2001) 영역을 밝히고, 수반성 영역에서의 자기 불일치가 개인의 정신건강에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 1에서는 자존감의 수반성 척도(Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale: CSWS; Crocker, Luhtanen, Cooper, & Bouvrette, 2003)를 한국의 문화적 맥락에 맞게 타당화 하였다. 탐색적 요인분석 결과, 총 27문항 5개 요인구조가 제안되었는데, 4개요인(신의 사랑, 도덕성, 타인의 승인, 가족의 지지)은 미국에서의 요인과 거의 동일하게 나타났으나 한국의 경쟁적인 문화를 반영하는 새로운 요인(우월성)이 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 자기 불일치 이론(Higgins, 1987)에 근거하여 수반성 영역에서의 불일치 점수(불일치 점수 = 표준화 한 영역별 수반성 점수 - 표준화 한 영역별 평가 점수)를 군집변인으로 사용하여 군집 분석(Hair & Black, 2000)을 실시한 후, 집단별로 자존감 및 다양한 정신건강 지표에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 다변량 분산분석을 통해 살펴보았다. 그 결과 3개의 군집(높은 평가 집단, 적응적인 불일치 집단, 부적응적인 불일치 집단)이 제안되었으며, 부적응적인 불일치 집단이 다른 두 집단에 비해 부적응을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다.
This study attempted to identify the domains of contingencies of self-worth (Crocker & Wolfe, 2001) in Korea and examined the effect of discrepancies between a given domain of contingencies and its self-evaluation in relation to psychological adjustment. In study 1, the Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale (CSWS) was validated in a Korean cultural context. The EFA results yielded a 27-item Korean CSWS with five distinctive factors. Four factors (God's love, Virtue, Others' Approval, and Family Support) were almost identical to the original CSWS; however, a new factor (Superiority) emerged in Korea. In study 2, based on the self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987), a two-step cluster analysis and MANOVA were conducted. As a result, three clusters (Adjusted Discrepancy Group, Maladjusted Discrepancy Group, and Balanced Group) emerged and the Maladjusted Discrepancy Group indicated a greater level of psychological maladjustment than the other two groups.
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