ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구는 자기심리학적 접근의 자기애 측정도구 한국어판(Korean Inventory of Self Psychology, 이하 KISP)의 신뢰도와 타당도를 위한 구조모형을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. ISP(1989)는 Slyter가 Kohut의 자기애 이중 축 이론에 근거하여 개발한 자기애 측정도구이다. 예비조사에서는 번역과 역번역을 하고 내용타당도를 확인한 후, 예비조사(n=891)와 본 조사(n=604)에서 탐색적 요인분석을 하여 4개 요인-HGS, DGS, HIPI, DIPI-이 확인되었다. 확인적 요인분석을 위해 4개의 경쟁 모형들을 제시하고 구조모형을 검증하였다. 그 중에서 모형3에 해당하는 4요인의 3차원 위계모형이 이를 가장 적합하게 설명해 주는 측정모형으로 검증되었다. 본 연구결과는 Slyter(1989)의 연구를 더욱 확증해 주었다. KISP의 요인구조는 자기애의 하위차원으로 과대자기 축과 이상화된 부모원상 축이 있으며 과대자기 축의 하위차원으로 건강한 측면과 방어적 측면이 있고 이상화된 부모원상 축의 하위차원으로 건강한 측면과 방어적 측면이 있다는 내용을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 KISP가 상담과 임상에서 시사하는 바와 연구의 제한점, 추후연구를 제안하였다.
The purpose of this study was to identify the reliability and structural model of a Korean version of the Inventory of Self Psychology(KISP). Two samples of university undergraduates and graduates(n=891, n=604)) participated in this study. Using exploratory factor analysis(n=891) and confirmatory factor analysis(n=604), 61 items were selected. Four factors were identified:, the healthy grandiose self(HGS), the defensive grandiose self(DGS), the healthy idealized parent imago(HIPI), and the defensive idealized parent imago(DIPI). Thus, after the structral model was examined, KISP was identified as a four factor, three dimensional hierarchical model. This study supported and added to Slyter(1989). Implications and limitations were discussed.
강선희 (2001). 내현적 자기애 척도의 개발 및 타당화 연구. 가톨릭대학교 석사학위논문.
강은영 (2001). 자기주도적 자기애 및 타인의존적 자기애와 심리적 특성과의 관계. 가톨릭대학교 석사학위논문.
송인섭 (1998). 지능의 위계 구조 분석 연구. 교육심리연구, 12(2), 219-268.
송인섭 (2005). 자아개념검사의 구인타당화 연구. 교육평가연구, 18(3), p.75-96.
윤정혜 (2007). 자기애 측정도구(ISP) 타당화 연구 - Heinz Kohut의 자기심리학적 접근 - 숙명여자대학교 박사학위 논문.
윤정혜 (2008). 자기애 측정도구(ISP) 타당화 연구. 한국학술정보(주).
이순묵 (2000). 요인분석의 기초. 교육과학사
이재훈 역 (1999). 자기의 분석. 한국심리치료연구소. Kohut, H.(1971). The Analysis of the Self. New York: Interantional Universities Press.
정남운 (2001a). 과민성 자기애 척도 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 13(1), 193-216
정남운 (2001b). 자기애적 성격검사의 요인구조와 아이젱크 성격차원 및 자존감과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 13(2), 221-237.
최영안 (2002). 상담장면의 활용가능성 탐색을 위한 한국판 Millon 다축임상검사의 재표준화 기초연구. 숙명여자대학교 박사학위논문.
한수정 (1999). 자기애적 성격성향자의 외현적. 내현적 자기관련 인지특성. 서울대대학원 석사학위논문.
홍세희 (2000). 구조방정식 모형의 기초. 워크샵 교재. Department of Eduactional Psychology of California, Santa Barbara.
홍세희 (2002). 구조 방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 19(1), 161-177.
홍세희 (2004). 교육학 연구에 구조방정식 모형의 적용, 한국교육평가학회 WORKSHOP 교재.
황순택 (1995). 전형성 평정에 의한 성격장애 진단준거 개발. 연세대학교 박사학위논문.
Akhtar, S., & Thompson, J. A. (1982). Overview: Narcissistic personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 12-20.
American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(3rd ed). Washington DC: Author.
Ashby, H., Lee, R., & Duke, E. (1979). A Narcissistic personality behavior MMPI scale. Presented at the American Psychological Association, New York, September.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structure. Paychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
Crown, D. P., & & Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24, 349-354.
Emmons, R. A. (1984). Factor analysis and construct validity of the narcissistic personality inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 291-300.
Goldberg, A. (Ed.). (1978). The psychology of self: A casebook. New York: International Universities Press, Inc.
Hedin, H. M., & Cheek, J. M. (1997). Assessing hypersensitivity narcissism: A reexamination of Murray's narcissism Scale. Journal of Research in Personality, 31, 588-599.
In-Sub Song. (1982). The dimensionality and relationships between home environment, self-concept and academic achievement. A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of the New England.
Kohut, H. (1966). Forms and transformations of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association., 14: 243-272.
Kohut, H. (1971). The analysis of the self; A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. New York: International University Press.
Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International Universities Press.
Kohut, H. (1984). How does analysis cure? (Ed) Arnold Goldberg, with the collaboration of Paul Stepansky. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Lapan, R., & Patton, M. (1986). Self-psychology and the adolescent process: Measures of pseudoautomy and peer-group dependence. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33, 136-142.
Miller, A. (1981). Prisoners of childhood. (R. Ward, Trans.) New York: Basic Books.
Miller, A. (1984). Thou shalt not be aware. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
Miller, A. (1985). For your own good. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
Millon, T. (1982). Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory Manual(2nd ed.). Minneapolis: National Computer Systems.
Morey, L. C., & Waugh, M. H. & Blashfield, R. K. (1985). MMPI Scales for DSM-Ⅲ personality disorders: their derivation and correlates. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 245- 252.
O'brien, M. L. (1987). Examining the dimensionality of pathological narcissism: Factor analysis and construct validity of the O'brien. multiphasic narcissism inventory. Psychological Reports, 61, 499-510.
Ornstein, P. (Ed.). (1978b). The search for the self: Selected writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1979. The search for the self (2). New York: International Universities Press. (original work published 1972).
Patton, M., Connor, G., & Scott, K. (1982). Kohut's psychology of the self: Theory and measure of counseling outcome. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 29, 268-282.
Patton, M. J., & Robbins, S. B. (1982). Kohut's self-psychology as a model for college-student counseling. Professional Psychology, 13, 876-888.
Phares, P. E., & Erskine, N. (1984). The measurement of selfism. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 44, 597-608.
Prifitera, A., & Ryan, J. J. (1984). Validity of the narcissistic personality inventory (NPI) in a Psychiatric Sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40, 140-142.
Raskin, R. and Hall, C. S. (1979). A narcissistic personality inventory. Psychological Reports, 45, 590.
Raskin, R. N., & Hall, C. (1981). The narcissistic personality inventory: Alternate form reliability and further evidence of construct validity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 45, 159-162.
Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal- component analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 890-902.
Robbins, S. B. & Patton, M. J. (1985). Self psychology and career development: Construction of the superiority and goal Instability scales. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 221-231.
Schmitt, N. (1978). Path analysis of multitrait- multimethod matrics, Applied Psychological Measurment, 2, 157-173.
Siegal, A. (1996). Heinz Kohut and the psychology of the self. Brunner.-Routledge
Slyter, S. L. (1989). Kohut‘s psychology of the self: Measures of healthy and defensive narcissism. doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park.
Solomon, R. S. (1982). Validity of the MMPI narcissistic personality disorder scale. psychological Reports, 50, 463-469.
Wilson, J. P., & Prabucki, K. (1983). Psychosocial antecedents of narcissistic personality syndrome. Psychological Reports, 53, 1231-1239.
Wink, P., & Gough, H. G. (1990). New narcissism scales for the California psychological inventory and MMPI. Journal of Personality Assessment, 54, 446-462.
Wink, P. (1991). Two faces of narcissism. Journal of Personality and social Psychology, 61, 590-597.
Wolfle, L. M. (1985). Postsecondary educational attainment among whites and blacks. American Educational Research Journal, 22, 501-525.
Zamostny, K. P., Slyter, S. L. & Rios, P. (1993). Narcissistic injury and its relationship to early truma, early resources, and adjustment to College. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 40(4). 501-510.
