이 연구는 파괴적 행동문제를 보이는 한국의 학령전기 아동과 그 부모들을 대상으로 실시한 집단 부모-아동 상호작용 치료(Parent-Child Interaction Therapy)의 효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 만 3∼7세 350명의 부모에게 ECBI(Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory)를 실시하여 상위 10%의 점수에 해당하는 아동 중 DSM-IV의 반항성 장애의 진단 기준에서 4개 이상의 항목에 해당되는 어머니와 자녀 24쌍을 최종 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 무선 할당된 실험집단에는 12주 집단 PCIT 프로그램을 실시하였고 대기 통제 집단에는 아무런 처치도 하지 않았다. 치료의 효과를 평가하기 위해서, 어머니의 양육 스트레스, 우울 및 자녀의 행동문제에 대한 설문지를 실시하였고 어머니와 자녀가 상호작용하는 장면을 일방경을 통해 관찰하였다. 그 결과 PCIT에 참여한 어머니들은 자녀의 행동문제와 자신의 양육스트레스가 유의하게 감소한 것으로 보고하였고 치료 전보다 치료 후에 긍정적인 상호작용은 증가하고 부정적인 상호작용은 감소하였다. 이 연구는 국내에서 최초로 파괴적인 행동문제가 있는 아동과 그 부모를 대상으로 집단 PCIT의 효과를 검증함으로써 PCIT 효과검증에 관한 경험적인 연구의 토대를 마련하였다는 점에서 주요한 의의를 지닌다.
The present study examined the effectiveness of parent child interaction therapy(PCIT) for preschool children with disruptive behavioral problems and their mothers. While the experimental group received the 12-week group PCIT program, the waitlist control group did not receive any treatment for the same period. Major findings were as follows: First, after receiving the group PCIT program, the level of children's behavioral problems decreased in the experimental group. Second, the levels of mothers' parenting stress and mothers' depression decreased. Third, the frequency of positive interactions increased and the frequency of negative interactions decreased. Fourth, mothers in the experimental group reported a high levels of satisfaction with the treatment. Current study was the first empirical research that evaluated the effectiveness of the group PCIT program
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