인간관계에서 진정성은 중요한 요인이며 치료관계에서는 더욱 더 중요할 것이다. 그러나 정의와 체계적 조작화의 어려움으로 인해 연구가 활발하게 진행되어오지 못하였으며, 연구결과들 또한 일관적이지 않다. 본 연구의 목적은 현재까지 진행된 상담자 진정성 연구를 정리하고 비판적으로 고찰해봄으로써 문제점을 살펴보고 이후 연구를 위한 제언을 하고자 하는데 있다. 이를 위해 첫째, 인본주의적 관점뿐만 아니라 실존주의적 관점, 정신역동적 관점, 실제 연구들에서 상담자 진정성을 어떻게 개념화하고 있는지 살펴보았으며 연구에 사용된 측정도구들을 제시하고 상담관련 변인들 간의 관계를 개관하였다. 둘째, 연구에서 나타난 문제점들을 개념정의의 문제, 측정의 문제, 관련변인들 간의 관계 검증의 문제 3가지로 요약하여 제시하였다. 이를 토대로 추후 연구에서는 진정성 개념에 대하여 문화적 관점을 고려한 깊이 있는 논의가 필요하다는 것, 한국적 상황에 맞는 척도개발이 필요하다는 것, 다양한 검증방법을 통하여 관련변인들 간의 구조적 관계를 선명하게 확인할 필요가 있다는 것 등을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 국내에 관련 연구가 거의 없는 상황에서 상담자 진정성에 대한 관심을 일깨우고 이후 연구를 위한 첫걸음을 떼었다는데 의의가 있다.
Authenticity is an important factor under general social interactions as well as counselor-client interaction. However, research on authenticity in counseling setting was rarely conducted due to difficulty of definition and systematic organization. Furthermore, the results in the previous studies were mixed and ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to review previous studies on the counselor’s authenticity and to provide suggestions to further studies on the authenticity. First, we reviewed the humanistic, existentialist humanistic, and psychodynamic perspectives in defining counselor’s authenticity. We also reviewed scales which were used to measure authenticity. Mediational variables on the relation between counselor’s authenticity and outcomes were also presented. Second, reasons why mixed findings has been shown were discussed. Additionally, the problems and resolution which occurred in the middle of conceptualizing a counselor’s authenticity and measuring the authenticity were discussed. Implications of the current study and future directions for research are discussed.
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