본 연구에서는 초심상담자와 숙련상담자가 상담 장면에서 지각하는 내담자 강점요인은 무엇인지 탐색적으로 밝히고, 그 요인들을 상담에서 어떻게 활용하는지 개념도(concept mapping) 방법을 사용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 각각 8명의 초심상담자와 숙련상담자들을 대상으로 면접을 실시한 후 핵심문장을 추출한 뒤 다차원 척도법과 군집분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 초심상담자들은 ‘상담에 대한 기대와 성장동기’, ‘자기개방과 대인관계능력’, ‘자기이해욕구와 통찰력’을 내담자의 강점으로 지각하였고, ‘자기와 문제에 대한 새로운 이해’, ‘지지와 격려’, ‘강점을 직접 언급하여 강화하기’를 강점 활용 요인으로 언급하였다. 숙련상담자들은 ‘성장동기’, ‘성공경험과 문제해결력’, ‘개인내적자원’, ‘대인관계능력’을 내담자 강점으로 지각하였고, 내담자 강점 활용 요인으로 ‘자기와 문제에 대한 새로운 이해’, ‘과거 성공경험을 통해 내담자의 문제해결능력 발견’, ‘강점 및 가능성 실현 중심의 소통’, ‘능동적인 강점강화’를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 초심상담자와 숙련상담자가 지각하는 내담자 강점과 이에 대한 활용방안을 심도 있게 조사함으로써 상담자 교육에 유용한 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
The purpose was to explore the distinctive characteristics of novice and expert counselors in perceiving clients' strengths through concept-mapping method. A total of eight novice and eight expert counselors were interviewed. In this study, the novice counselors reported for factors of clients' strengths were ‘counseling to expectation and growth motivation’, ‘self-disclosure and interpersonal relationship abilities’, and ‘needs for self-understanding and insight’. Also they told that clients' strength factors in application were ‘new understanding of self and problem’, ‘support and encouragement’ and ‘strength enhancement suggesting strengths’. The expert counselors reported that clients' strengths were ‘growth motivation’, ‘success experience and problem solving literacy’, ‘internal resource’, and ‘interpersonal relationship abilities’ whereas they said that clients' strength factors in application were ‘new understanding of self and problem’, ‘finding of problem solving ability through past success experience’, ‘communication-centered strengths and actualization' and ‘active expanding strengths’. This study ends with limitations and suggestions for future studies.
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