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최근 대규모 재난이 늘어나고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 대규모 재난 위기의 특성을 반영한 트라우마와 지역공동체 탄력성에 관한 연구-기반 이해가 필요하다는 목적에 따라 관련된 국내외 문헌들을 리뷰하여 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 이 같은 연구목적을 위하여 2015년 5월까지 국내외 학술연구 데이터베이스와 웹사이트에 소개된 재난 트라우마 및 지역 공동체 연구 문헌들을 검토하여 분석하였다. 먼저 관련 문헌 중 재난 트라우마와 관련한 국내외 문헌을 통해 개인 트라우마 개념이 갖는 한계점과 집단 트라우마 개념으로의 접근 가능성을 살펴보았다. 또한 다양한 분야의 문헌에서 제시하고 있는 지역공동체 탄력성의 개념을 비교하여 제시하였다. 이에 본 연구는 재난 상황에서의 지역 공동체의 갈등과 피해를 다룰 수 있는 역동적인 집단 트라우마에 대한 새로운 이해를 제시하고, 재난 지역공동체 탄력성의 증진을 위하여, 지역공동체가 주체가 되고 협력적 유대와 공동의 이익을 추구하는 다양한 정책 모델과 프로그램의 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.
In light of recent large-scale disasters, this study aimed to investigate the concepts of collective trauma and community resilience unique to disaster. After reviewing a variety of literature an evidence-based understanding was provided. The literature review exclusively utilized academic databases and web sites and was limited to publications and findings prior to 2015. Research showed that the concept of community resilience has been addressed and compared across various fields. In addition, the possibility of approaching collective trauma through the limitation of personal trauma has been explored throughout both domestic and international literature. This study presents a new perspective of collective trauma and the community conflict dynamics induced by disaster situations. Data included in the results of this study are fundamental components towards increasing the resilience of disaster-stricken communities through policy and programmatic change that allow the community to become the main agent in pursuit of common interests with cooperating bonds.
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