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본 연구는 문화변용전략의 이론적 관점을 활용하여 북미에서 3년 이상 수학하고 귀국한 대학생들의 문화가치가 사회적 지지를 매개하여 한국 재적응을 예측하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 구체적으로 귀국 학생들을 대상으로, 문화 지능을 통제한 후 한국 문화 가치와 재적응의 관계에서 북미 문화 가치에 의해 조절된 사회적 지지의 매개효과를 확인하였다. 총 563명의 대학생(귀국 학생 104명, 국내 학생 366명)이 연구에 참여하였고, 귀국 학생과 국내에서 수학한 학생들이 연구변인에서 차이가 있는지 Welch’s t-test를 통해 비교하였다. 귀국한 학생들을 대상으로 한 조절된 매개효과 검증 결과, 한국 문화 가치와 재적응의 관계에서 북미 문화 가치에 의해 조절된 사회적 지지의 매개효과가 유의하였다. 이는 귀국 학생들이 통합의 전략을 사용하여 양쪽 문화 가치를 모두 수용하고 있을 때 주변의 지지를 잘 받고 재적응을 잘 할 수 있음을 의미한다. 연구 결과를 토대로 귀국 학생들의 재적응을 조력할 수 있는 방안을 논의하고, 본 연구의 제한점과 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 논하였다.
This study examined whether the effects of cultural values on readjustment were mediated by social support among South Korean students who studied in North America before college(returnees). A mediation model of social support on the relationship between South-Korean cultural values and readjustment in which the relationship between South-Korean cultural values and social support was moderated by North American cultural values was tested. A sample of 563 college students (104 returnees, 366 Korean-educated-only) completed a self-report questionnaire. Welch’s T-test was conducted to examine differences in the study variables between the two groups. The moderated mediation analysis showed that the relationship between South-Korean cultural values and readjustment was mediated by social support, and this mediation effect was moderated by North American cultural values. This finding suggests that returnees using integration strategies and embracing cultural values of both societies are more likely to receive social support and readjust effectively in Korea.
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