ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구는 역경상황에서 적응을 잘하는 탄력적인 청소년과 적응을 못하는 부적응 청소년의 차이를 살펴보고, 청소년의 탄력성 발달 과정에서 희망과 삶의 의미가 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 서울, 경기 지역의 초․중․고 학생 2235명과 서울, 경기, 부산, 광주, 인천 등 19곳의 복지관 이용 청소년 442명 등 총2677명에게 설문조사를 실시, 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 학교생활적응을 설명하는데 있어 위험요인보다 보호요인의 설명변량이 크게 나타났다. 둘째, 부적응 집단보다 적응을 잘하는 탄력성 집단에서 자존감, 효능감, 낙관성, 가족관계의 질, 친구지지, 교사지지, 희망, 삶의 의미 등 모든 보호요인의 점수가 높게 나타났으나, 다른 변인과의 상관을 고려한 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과에서는 희망, 교사지지, 삶의 의미 변인만이 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 따라서 희망과 삶의 의미가 부적응 집단과 탄력성 집단을 구분하는데 있어 보다 중요하게 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.
This study investigated differences between well-adjusted resilient adolescents and maladaptive adolescents. In addition, it attempted to identify the significant protective factors that are likely to facilitate the resilience development. The participants were 2677 students in Seoul metropolitan areas, among which 442 were students supported from social welfare agencies. First, it was found that the school adaptation variance was accounted for more by protective factors than by risk factors. Second, in the high risk situations, the resilient group had higher scores than the maladaptive group on the protective factors, such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, optimism, quality of family relationship, peer support, teacher support, hope and meaning of life. Meanwhile, in the logistic regression analysis, only hope, teacher support, and meaning of life were statistically significant in distinguishing the resilient group from the maladaptive group. These results indicate that hope and meaning of life act as important factors in distinguishing between resilient groups and maladaptive groups.
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