ISSN : 1229-0688
이 연구의 목적은 숙련 상담자들이 상담회기 내 갖는 자기자각이 상담과정에 미치는 효과를 분석하고자 하는 것이다. 여기서 상담과정변인은 상담자가 지각한 자기자각의 도움정도, 내담자에 대한 상담자의 대인관여 반응정도, 내담자가 지각한 도움정도로 측정되었다. 상담자-내담자 14쌍의 1회 상담과정이 녹화되었고, 상담직후 상담자와 내담자가 함께 상담과정 동영상을 보면서 상담자의 자기자각 도움정도에 대해 독립적으로 평정하였다. 분석결과, 상담자들은 자기자각을 많이 했다고 생각할수록, 자기자각이 상담에 도움이 되었다고 평가한 것으로 나타났다. 상담자의 자기자각 수준과 내담자에 대한 대인관여 반응은 비선형관계를 보였다. 즉, 상담자의 자기자각 수준이 아주 낮거나 높을 경우에는 대인관여 반응을 많이 보였지만, 자기자각 수준이 중간 정도일 때는 오히려 대인관여 반응이 감소했다. 상담자의 자기자각 수준과 내담자가 지각한 도움정도 또한 상담자의 자기자각 수준이 아주 낮거나 높을 경우에는 내담자가 도움을 많이 받았다고 지각하지만, 자기자각 수준이 중간 정도일 때는 오히려 내담자는 별로 도움을 받지 못했다고 지각했다. 자기자각 수준과 상담과정 변인 간의 비선형관계로 나타난 연구결과에 대해 논의하고, 시사점을 제안하였다.
We conducted this study to explore the effects of experienced counselors' in-session self-awareness on the counseling process. We videotaped 14 counselor-client pairs conducting their first counseling session. Immediately following the session, the counselor and the client watched the tape together and each independently evaluated the helpfulness of counselor in-session self-awareness. In addition, two raters judged the involvement level of the counselors’ verbal responses. There were three major findings. First, counselors with higher self-awareness rated that self-awareness as more helpful. Second, when the level of counselor self-awareness was relatively lower or higher, counselor involvement was judged as high. Third, when level of counselor self-awareness was relatively low or high, client perceived helpfulness was higher. These findings indicate that the effects of counselors' self-awareness may be maximized in the two different conditions. In the first condition, counselors show automatic involved responses with low self-awareness. In the second condition, counselors intentionally use their self-awareness to benefit the counseling process.
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