ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구의 목적은 청소년기 때 학업우수자였던 여자 대학생들이 진로관련 결정을 하는 데 고려하는 요인과 진로선택 시 경험하는 어려움(제한요인)에 대한 개념적 구조를 밝히는 데 있다. 이를 위해 15명의 학업우수 여자대학생을 연구 참여자로 선정하여 면접을 하였고, 진로결정 시 고려하는 요인 67개, 진로선택 제한요인 38개를 추출하였다, 추출된 아이디어를 다시 12명의 참여자들이 분류와 평정을 하였으며, 그 결과에 대해 다차원 척도법과 위계적 군집분석을 실시하고 개념도 분석을 하였다. 연구결과, 학업우수 여자대학생들은 진로결정 고려요인과 제한요인을 모두 ‘타인지향(수동)-자기지향(능동)’, ‘직업의 외적조건-내적조건’이라는 2가지 차원으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 이런 두 가지 차원에 바탕을 두고 학업우수 여자대학생들은 진로결정 시 고려요인은 10개, 진로선택 제한요인은 7개의 군집으로 이해하고 있었다. 진로결정 고려요인에 대한 참여자들의 공감에 대한 평정 점수는 ‘개인내적 특성과 매칭’, ‘높은 성취와 자아실현 추구’ 군집이 가장 높게 나타났고, 진로선택 제한요인에 대한 참여자들의 평정 점수는 ‘실패에 대한 두려움’, ‘타인의 기대’ 군집이 가장 높게 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과에 대한 시사점과 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
The purpose of the current research was to identify the conceptual structures of factors that were considered in making career decisions by female college students who were academically excellent at high school and the difficulties which they experienced in the process. Fifteen were recruited and interviewed. Sixty seven factors were extracted as factors considered in career decision and 38 were drawn out as factors restricting their choice of careers. Given the extracted factors, 12 participants classified and rated them again. Multidemensional scaling, hierarchical cluster analysis, and concept mapping were employed to estimate dimensions in the previously extracted factor. Two dimensions influencing the decision making ; ‘Others-Orientedness(Passiveness)/Self-Orientedness(Activeness)’ and ‘External Conditions-Internal Conditions of a Job.’ Given these two dimensions, female college students understood ten clusters considered with regard to their career decision process and seven clusters restricting their choice of careers. Finally, the implications of findings are discussed.
권석만, 정지현 (2007). 2007년도 서울대학교 신입생 특성조사. 서울대학교 대학생활문화원 홈페이지 자료실
김양희 (2008). 지각된 진로장벽과 진로포부에 대한 종단연구: 학업우수 여자청소년을 대상으로. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문
박승리 (2006). 학업우수여학생의 진로발달모형에 관한 연구. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문.
박유정 (2007). 우수 여자 중학생이 생각하는 일(재가)의 의미에 대한 질적 분석. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문
박은혜 (2006). 학업우수청소년과 일반청소년의 직업포부수준 비교분석. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문
심재영, 박은영 (2003). 과학영재의 진로의식 변화 연구(1996-2003). 영재교육연구, 13, 95-112.
이기학, 이경아, 유나현 (2007). 2007학년도 신입생 실태조사. 연세상담연구, 23, 1-27.
이아라 (2006). 남녀 학업우수 청소년의 진로장벽, 학업효능감 및 진로포부의 관계. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문.
이항심 (2007). 부모애착, 성역할 정체감, 자존감 및 진로장벽의 구조모형 검증: 우수여자 청소년들을 대상으로. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문.
하 정 (2007). 학업우수 여자고등학생의 직업결정과정-근거이론 접근. 이화여자대학교 박사학위 논문.
황도연 (2008). 학업우수 여자 청소년의 성역할 사회화와 진로포부 전통성에 관한 모형 검증. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문.
Arnold. K. D. (1993). Undergraduate aspirations and career outcomes of academically talented women: A discriminant analysis. Roeper Review. 15(3), 169-176.
Arnold & Denny (1985). The lives of academic achivers: The career aspirations of male and female valedictorians and salutatorians. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, Illinois.
Betz, N. E., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1987). The Career psychology of women. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
Blackburn, A. C., & Erickson, D. B. (1986). Predictable crisis of the gifted student. Journal of Counseling & Development, 64, 552-555.
Ceci, S, J., Williams, W. M., & Barnett, S. M. (2009). Woman's underrepresentation in Science: Sociocultural and biological conciderations. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2), 218-261.
Chen, S. J. (2006). The impact of parental expectations on the career decisions of academically successful and multi-talented. Asian American students. Columbia University.
Emmett, J. D., & Minor, C. W. (1993). Career Decision-Making Factors in Gifted Young Adults. Career Development Quarterly, 41(4), 350 -367.
Garrison, L. (1993). Professionals of the future. Will they be female? Will they be ethnically divers? Roeper Review, 15, 161-164.
Gassin, E. A., Kelly, K. R., & Feldhusen, J. F. (1993). Sex difference in the career development of gifted youth. School Counselor, 41, 90-95.
Goodyear, R. K., Tracey, T. J., Claiborn, C. D., Lichtenberg, J. W., & Wampold, B. E. (2005). Ideographic concept mapping in counseling psychology research: Conceptual overview, methodology, and an illustration. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 236-242.
Gol, A. R, & Cook, S. W. (2004). Exploring the underlying dimensions of coping: A concept mapping approach. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(2), 155-171.
Grant, D. F., Battle, D. A., & Heggoy, S. J. (2000). The journey through collegee of seven gifted females: Influences on their career related decisions. Roeper Review. 22(4). 66-72.
Jacobsen, M. E. (1999). Arousing the sleeping giant: Giftedness in adult psychotherapy. Roeper Review, 22, 36-42.
Hollinger, C. L. (1991). Facilitating the career development of gifted young women. Roeper Review, 13(3), 135-139.
Kane, M. & Trochim, W. M. K. (2007). Concept mapping for planning and evaluation. Sage: California.
Kaufman, F. (1981). The 1964-1968 Presidential scholars: A follow-up study. Exceptional Children, 48(2), 164-169.
Kerr, B. A. (1983). Raising the career aspirations of gifted girls. Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 32, 37-42.
Kerr, B. A., & Erb, C. (1991). Career counseling with academically talented students: Effects of a value-based intervention. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 38(3), 309-314
Kerr, B. A., & Sodano, S. (2003). Career assessment with intellectually gifted students. Journal of Career Assessment, 11(2), 168-186.
Kline, B. E., & Short, M. (1991). Change in emotional resilience: Gifted adolescent females. Roeper Review, 13, 118-120.
Kruskal, J. B., & Wish, M. (1978). Multidemensional scaling. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Leung, S. A., Conoley, C. W., & Scheel, M. J. (1994). The career and educational aspirations of gifted high school students: A retrospective study. Journal of Counseling & Development, 72, 298-303.
Marshall, B. C. (1981). Career decision making patterns of gifted and talented adolescents: Implications for career education. Journal of Career Education, 305-310.
Olshen, S., & Mathews, D. (1987). The disappearance of giftedness in girls: An intervention stratege. Roeper Review, 9(4), 251-254.
Perrone, K. M., Perrone, P. A., Ksiazak, T. M., Write, S. L., &, Jackson, Z. Vance, (2007). Self-perception of gifted and talented among adults in a longitudinal study of academically talented high-school graduates. Roper View, 29(4), 259-264.
Schroer, A. C. P., & Dorn, F. J. (1986). Enhancing the career and personal development of gifted college students. Journal of Counseling & Development, 64, 567-555.
Speirs Neumeister, K. L (2004). Factors influencing the development of perfectionism in gifted college students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 48, 259-274.
Speirs Neumeister, K. L., Williams, K. K., & Cross, T. L. (2009). Gifted high-school students' perspectives on the development of perfectionism. Roeper Review, 31, 198-206.
Terman, L. M. (1925). Mental and physical traits of a thousand gifted childrenn. In genetic studies of genius. stanford, CA: staford University press.
Vermeulen, M. E., & Minor, C. W. (1998). Context of career decisions: Women reared in a Rural Community. The Career Development Quarterly, 46. 230-245.
