본 연구는 상담과정에서 자주 발생하는 조기종결 중 내담자가 일방적으로 상담에 오지 않아 종결 회기를 진행하지 못하는 특성에 주목하여 이를 내담자의 일방적 종결로 정의하고, 상담을 진행하고 있는 상담자와 내담자를 대상으로 종단적으로 자료를 수집하여 내담자의 일방적 종결 발생 비율과 발생 양상, 영향변인을 알아보았다. 결과는 첫째, 전체 336사례 중 총 65사례가 일방적 종결을 하였고, 1회기에서 3회기까지는 지속적으로 증가하고 3회기에 가장 많은 내담자들이 일방적 종결을 하였다. 둘째, 영향변인으로는 작업동맹 하위변인 중 과제에 대한 동의 수준이 높을수록, 목표에 대한 합의 수준이 낮을수록 내담자의 일방적 종결이 발생할 가능성이 높았다. 내담자의 초기 증상수준은 낮을수록 내담자의 일방적 종결이 나타날 가능성이 높았다. 본 연구는 상담에서 내담자가 일방적으로 상담에 오지 않아 중단되는 경우를 상담 초기에 발생하는 이른 종결과 구분하여 내담자의 일방적 종결로 정의하고, 실제 상담현장에서 일방적 종결의 발생 비율과 영향 변인을 알아봄으로써 상담에서 발생하는 내담자의 일방적 종결에 대한 실제적인 이해에 도움이 되는 정보를 제공하고, 내담자들이 지속적으로 상담에 참여하여 도움을 받을 수 있도록 상담자가 해야 할 방안을 모색하였다는 데 의의가 있다.
Unilateral termination (UT), a type of drop out that occurs when a client unilaterally stops coming to sessions, is a common problem in counseling. We conducted a longitudinal study to examine the ratio, occurrence pattern, and the contributing variables of UT. Results showed that UT occurred in 65 out of 336 cases and the UT rate increased from the beginning and reached a peak at the 3rd session. Regarding contributing factors, the results showed that a high level of agreement on the task combined with a low level of agreement on the goal affected a higher rate of UT. Additionally, the severity of early symptoms affected negatively occurrence of UT. This study provides a valid understanding of UT and suggests ways of helping clients participate consistently throughout the entire session.
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