본 연구에서는 상담자의 지혜가 상담과정 및 상담성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 구조방정식 모형을 통하여 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 상담자와 내담자 189쌍을 대상으로 상담자용, 내담자용 설문을 실시, 수집하여 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구 측정모형에서는 상담과정의 매개변인들로 사례개념화, 역전이 조절, 관계형성, 작업동맹을 선정하였다. 우선 측정모형의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 측정변인들에 대해 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였으며 그 결과 연구에서 설정한 측정모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 상담자의 지혜와 매개변인들의 관계를 가정하여 크게 두 가지 경쟁모형을 선정하여 구조방정식 모형으로 검증하였다. 제1경쟁 모형은 상담자의 지혜가 각각 사례개념화, 역전이조절, 관계형성을 매개로 작업동맹, 상담성과에 영향을 준다는 모형이며, 제2경쟁 모형은 상담자의 지혜가 사례개념화와 역전이 조절을 매개로 관계형성에 영향을 주고, 관계형성이 작업동맹을 매개로 상담성과에 영향을 준다는 모형이다. 검증 결과, 제2경쟁 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났으며 중첩모형 중 더 적합한 대안모형을 탐색한 결과, 사례개념화와 역전이조절간 공분산을 설정한 모형을 최종모형으로 선정하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점을 논의하였다.
The effects of counselor's wisdom on the quality of counseling processes and outcomes were investigated by applying structural equation modeling. Data were obtained from 189 pairs of a counselor and client. While implementing structural equation modeling, a measurement model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis without assuming structural relation among latent variables. Two structural models were evaluated and compared based on the magnitudes of fit indices and appropriateness of parameter estimates. Finding in this study indicated that counselor's wisdom influenced the quality of counseling processes and outcomes through the four mediators (i.e. case conceptualization, coutertransference, rapport formation, and working alliance). Specifically, counselor's wisdom affected case conceptualization and regulation of coutertransference, and effect of case conceptualization and regulation of countertransference on the quality of counseling outcomes were mediated through the rapport formation and working alliance.
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