open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구에서는 수퍼비전 작업동맹의 형성과정을 이해하기 위해 수퍼비전 작업동맹에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 수퍼바이지의 불안정 애착(회피, 거절)이 역할갈등의 매개를 통해 수퍼비전 작업동맹에 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았고, 수퍼바이지의 불안정 애착과 역할갈등 간의 관계를 경력수준(상담 경력, 수퍼비전 경력)이 조절하는지 살펴보았으며, 경력수준에 따라 수퍼바이지의 불안정 애착과 수퍼비전 작업동맹 간의 관계에서 역할갈등의 매개효과가 달라지는지 살펴보았다. 최근 6개월 이내에 개인 수퍼비전을 받은 경험이 있는 총 395명의 수퍼바이지들이 참여하였으며, 수퍼바이지 애착전략 척도, 역할갈등 척도, 작업동맹 척도-수퍼바이지용, 인구통계학적 질문지에 응답하도록 하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째 불안정 애착-회피와 불안정 애착-거절은 역할갈등의 매개를 통해 수퍼비전 작업동맹에 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 불안정 애착-회피는 수퍼비전 경력과의 상호작용을 통해 역할갈등에 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 불안정 애착-회피가 역할갈등을 통해 수퍼비전 작업동맹에 미치는 영향은 수퍼비전 경력에 따라 달라졌다. 본 연구 결과가 연구 및 실제에 주는 함의 및 한계점을 논의하였다.
This study examined whether (a) supervisees’ insecure attachment (avoidance and rejection) would influence the supervisory working alliance through role conflict, (b) experience level (counseling and supervision) would moderate the relation between insecure attachment and role conflict, and (c) the mediation effects of role conflict between insecure attachment and supervisory working alliance would differ according to experience level. A total of 395 supervisees, who recently engaged in individual supervision (within 6 months), completed the SASS, RC, WAI-Trainee version, and a demographic questionnaire. The results indicated that (a) insecure attachment (avoidance and rejection) influenced the supervisory working alliance through role conflict, (b) the interaction of insecure attachment (avoidance) and supervision experience had an effect on supervisory working alliance, and (c) the mediation effect of role conflict in the relationship between insecure attachment (avoidance) and supervisory working alliance differed according to supervision experience. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed.
박진희, 유미숙 (2011). 수퍼바이지의 성인애착이 놀이치료 수퍼비전 과정에서 자기개방에 미치는 영향: 작업동맹의 매개효과를 중심으로. 상담학연구, 12(1), 129-142.
손은정, 유성경, 강지연, 임영선 (2006). 수퍼비전 작업 동맹과 상담자 경력 수준이 역할어려움과 수퍼비전 만족도에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(4), 695-711.
손은정, 유성경, & Ellis, M. V. (2007). 수퍼비전 작업 동맹, 역할 어려움, 수퍼비전 만족도 간의 관계: 비교문화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 26(2), 161-182.
신성만, 박영근, 김윤희, 박명준 (2016). 슈퍼바이지 애착 전략 척도(Supervisee Attachment Strategies Scale) 국내 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 28(3), 615- 636.
정선호, 서동기 (2016). 회귀분석을 이용한 매개된 조절효과와 조절된 매개효과 검증 방법. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 35(1), 257- 282.
Bahrick, A. S. (1990). Role induction for counselor trainees: Effects on the supervisory working alliance. Dissertation Abstracts International, 51, 1484B. (University Microfilms No. 9014392).
Ben-Naim, S., Hirschberger, G., Ein-Dor, T., & Mikulincer, M. (2013). An experimental study of emotion regulation during relationship conflict interactions: The moderating role of attachment orientations. Emotion, 13(3), 506-519.
Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R. K. (2018). Fundamentals of clinical supervision(6thEd.). Boston, MA:Pearson.
Bonache, H., Gonzalez-Mendez, R., & Kraché, B. (2019). Adult attachment styles, destructive conflict resolution, and the experience of intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(2), 287-309.
Bordin, E. S. (1983). A working alliance based model of supervision. The Counseling Psychologist, 11(1), 35-42.
Curran, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1(1), 16-29.
Fitch, J. C., Pistole, M. C., & Gunn, J. E. (2010). The bonds of development: An attachment- caregiving model of supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 29(1), 20-34.
Grant, J., Schofield, M. J., & Crawford, S. (2012). Managing difficulties in supervision: Supervisors’ perspectives. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(4), 528-541.
Gunn, J. E., & Pistole, M. C. (2012). Trainee supervisor attachment: Explaining the alliance and disclosure in supervision. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 6(4), 229-237.
Inman, A. G., Hutman, H., Pendse, A., Devdas, L., Luu, L., & Ellis, M. V. (2014). Current trends concerning supervisors, supervisees, and clients in clinical supervision. In C. E. Watkins, Jr., & D. Milne (Eds.), Wiley International handbook of clinical supervision (pp. 61-102). Oxford, United Kingdom: Wiley.
Ladany, N., & Friedlander, M. L. (1995). The relationship between the supervisory working alliance and trainees’ experiences of role conflict and role ambiguity. Counselor Education and Supervision, 34(3), 220-231.
Marmarosh, C. L., Nikityn, M., Moehringer, J., Ferraioli, L., Kahn S., Cerkevich, A., Choi J., Reisch, E. (2015). Adult attachment, attachment to the supervisor, and the supervisory alliance: How they relate to novice therapists’ perceived counseling self-efficacy. Psychotherapy, 50(2), 178-188.
McNeill, B. W., Stoltenberg, C. D., & Pierce, R. A. (1985). Supervisees’ perceptions of their development: A test of the counselor complexity model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32(4), 630-633.
Menefee, D. S., Day, S. X., Lopez, F. G., & McPherson, R. H. (2014). Preliminary development and validation of the supervisee attachment strategies scale (SASS). Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(2), 232-240.
Mesrie, V., Diener, M. J., & Clark, A. (2018). Trainee attachment to supervisor and perceptions of novice psychotherapist counseling self-efficacy: The moderating role of level of experience. Psychotherapy, 55(3), 216-221.
Morrison, M. A., & Lent, R. W. (2018). The working alliance, beliefs about the supervisor, and counseling self-efficacy: Applying the relational efficacy model to counselor supervision. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 65(4), 512-522.
Nelson, M. L., Barnes, K. L., Evans, A. L, & Triggiano, P. J. (2008). Working with conflict in clinical supervision: Wise supervisors’ perspectives. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55(2), 172-184.
Nelson, M. L., & Friedlander, M. L. (2001). A close look at conflictual supervisory relationships: The trainee’s perspective. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(4), 384-395.
Olk, M. E, & Friedlander, M. L. (1992). Trainees’ experience of role conflict and role ambiguity in supervisory relationships. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39(3), 389-397.
Petersen, J., & Le, B. (2017). Psychological distress, attachment and conflict resolution in romantic relationships. Modern Psychological Studies, 23(1), 1-26.
Pistole, M. C., & Arricale, F. (2003). Understanding attachment: Beliefs about conflict. Journal of Counseling and Development, 81(3), 318-328.
Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227.
Quarto, C. J. (2003). Supervisors’ and supervisees’ perceptions of control and conflict in counseling supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 21(2), 21-37.
Renfro-Michel, E. L., & Sheperis, C. J. (2009). The relationship between counseling supervisee attachment orientation and perceived bond with supervisor. The Clinical Supervisor, 28(2), 141-154.
Riggs, S. A., & Bretz, K. M. (2006). Attachment process in the supervisory relationship: An exploratory investigation. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 37(5), 558-566.
Sumerel M. B., & Borders, D. L. (1996). Addressing personal issues in supervision: Impact of counselor’s experience level on various aspects of the supervisory relationship. Counselor Education and Supervision, 35(4), 268-287.
Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2011). Does psychotherapy supervision contribute to patient outcomes? Considering thirty years of research. The Clinical Supervisor, 30(2), 235-256.
Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2014a). The supervisory alliance: A half century of theory, practice, and research in critical perspective. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 68(1), 19-55.
Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2014b). The supervisory alliance and quintessential integrative variable. Journal of Comtemporary Psychotherapy, 44(3), 151-161.
Watkins, C. E., Jr., Bduge, S. L., & Callahan, J. L. (2015). Common and specific factors converging in psychotherapy supervision: A supervisory extrapolation of the Wampold/ Budge psychotherapy relationship model. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 25(3), 214-235.