본 연구에서는 357명의 4년제 사립대학교에 재학 중인 대학생을 대상으로 걱정과 반추가 스트레스 반응에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 인지적 유연성이 매개하는지 검증하고자 하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 모든 변인은 서로 유의미한 상관을 나타냈다. 둘째, 구조방정식 모형분석 결과 스트레스 반응에 영향을 미치는 걱정, 반추, 인지적 유연성, 스트레스 반응 간의 구조적 모형은 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 걱정과 스트레스 반응과의 관계에서 인지적 유연성은 완전매개 하였고, 반추와 스트레스 반응과의 관계에서 인지적 유연성은 부분매개 하였다. 걱정과 반추가 인지적 유연성으로 가는 경로 간 계수를 비교하였고 경로 간 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 성차를 파악하기 위하여 t 검정과 다집단 분석을 실시하였다. t 검정 결과 인지적 유연성과 스트레스 반응에서 유의미한 성차를 보였으나, 다집단 분석 결과 남녀 집단 간에는 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 제한점, 후속연구에 대한 제언 그리고 시사점에 대해 논의하였다.
This study was conducted to examine whether cognitive flexibility acts as a mediator between worry and rumination in the context of influencing stress response in 357 university students. The structural model of worry, rumination and cognitive flexibility that affects stress response was proved to be appropriate and results showed significant correlations among all variables. Cognitive flexibility fully mediated the relationship between worry and stress response and partially mediated the relationship between rumination and stress response. There were no significant differences in path coefficients between the path from worry to cognitive flexibility and the path from rumination to cognitive flexibility. Independent t-test and multi-groups analysis were performed for cross-gender comparison. Significant gender differences were revealed specific to cognitive flexibility and stress response, but ultimately multi-groups analysis indicated no differences between genders. Limitations, implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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