본 연구는 다차원적 소명척도를 한국어로 번안하여 척도의 신뢰도와 요인구성을 확인하고 타당도를 검증하고자 하였다. 먼저, 독일과 미국 직장인들을 대상으로 개발된 원척도를 번역과 역번역 과정을 거쳐 한국판 다차원적 소명척도(MCM-K) 문항을 완성하였고, 국내 다양한 기업에 종사하고 있는 직장인 385명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 수렴 및 변별 타당도 검증을 위해 내재적 동기 및 외재적 동기와의 관계를 살펴보았고, 공준 타당도 검증을 위해 기존 소명연구에서 사용되어 온 간편소명척도와 한국판 소명척도가 사용되었다. 소명의식의 선행변인과 결과변인들과의 관계를 살펴보기 위해 선행변인으로는 자율성을, 결과변인 중 업무 관련 변인으로는 경력몰입, 조직몰입, 조직 동일시 및 직무 탈진을, 삶 관련 변인으로는 삶의 의미와 삶 만족을 사용하였다. 확인적 요인분석 결과 원척도와 마찬가지로 3요인으로 구성된 다차원적 소명척도가 국내에서도 타당함이 확인되었다. 다차원적 소명척도는 외재적 동기보다 내재적 동기와 더 높은 상관을 보였고, 준거 타당도 검증을 위한 간편소명척도 및 한국형 소명척도와 모두 정적인 상관을 보였다. 선행변인 및 결과변인들과의 관계도 소명의식 관련 기존 연구들과 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 3요인으로 구성된 다차원적 소명척도가 한국에서 소명의식을 측정하고 연구하는데 적합한 척도임을 나타내는 것이다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점, 그리고 추후 연구과제에 대해 논의하였다.
The purpose of the present research was to examine the reliability, validity and factorial structure of the Korean version of Multidimensional Calling Measure(MCM). The items from the original scale were translated into Korean and back-translated prior to the distribution to 385 working adults in various vocations. Internal and external values were used in order to test convergent and discriminant validities, and Brief Calling Scale and Korean version of the Calling and Vocation Questionnaire(CVQ-K) were used in terms of examining concurrent validity. In addition, autonomy was used as the independent variable, and several work-related variables(career commitment, organizational commitment, organizational identification, and burnout) as well as life-related variables (meaning in life and life satisfaction) were used as dependent variables for testing predictive validity. Results from the confirmatory factor analysis supported the three factor structure in the Korean version, as in the original scale. MCM-K showed higher correlation with the internal value than the external value, and it also showed significant positive relationship with both Brief Calling Scale(BCS) and Korean version of Calling and Vocation Questionnaire(CVQ-K). Furthermore, the relationships with independent and dependent variables were consistent with previous research, confirming the predictive validity of the scale. Such results altogether imply that MCM-K is a reliable and valid tool for measuring and studying the concept of calling within Korean society. Directions for future research and limitations were also discussed.
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