노동시장에서 완전한 은퇴를 하기 전 중장년 근로자의 경력전환은 급격하게 고령화 사회가 진행되는 여러 나라에서 관심을 받고 있다. 중장년 근로자들의 경력전환을 위해서 조직이나 사회가 완벽한 지원을 할 수는 없기 때문에 개인의 자기 주도적인 경력관리가 제2경력을 위한 중요한 축이 될 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 이와 같은 사회변화를 인식하면서 중장년 근로자의 퇴직 후 경력을 위한 주도적 경력행동에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인들을 검증하는 것이다. 중장년 근로자의 주도적 경력행동은 개인적 요인뿐만 아니라 근로와 관련된 조직의 환경과 같은 다양한 맥락과 관련이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 중장년 근로자의 경력에서 작업 환경의 본질을 파악하기 위하여 다수준 관점에서 접근하였다. 개인수준에서는 핵심자기평가와 작업능력, 그리고 조직 내 경력선배의 멘토링을 주도적 경력행동의 예측변인으로 고려하였다. 또한 조직의 고용안정성의 교차수준 조절효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 33개 조직에서 40~55세의 중장년 근로자 127명으로부터 수집하였으며 분석을 위해 HLM을 이용하였다. 연구결과 개인수준에서 핵심자기평가와 작업능력, 그리고 멘토링 모두 퇴직 전 주도적 경력행동에 정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 고용안정성은 개인수준 예측변인 중에서 작업능력과 주도적 경력행동, 그리고 멘토링과 주도적 경력행동 간의 관계에서 조절효과를 보였다.
Career transition of middle & young-old aged workers before their complete labor force withdrawal have received more attention in countries where aging society is progressing rapidly. Given that organizations and society may not be able to provide a full support for career transition of middle & young-old aged workers, self-directed career management of individual workers may be a key factor for the successful second career. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that many affect the proactive career behavior of middle & young-old aged workers for post-retirement career. The proactive career behavior of middle & young-old aged workers may be associated with various contexts(i.e. organizational factor, social factor) as well as individual factors. the study took multilevel approach to capture the nature of the work environment of the career middle & young-old age. At the individual level, core self evaluation, work ability and mentoring were considered as predictor variables of proactive career behavior. The study also examined the cross-level moderating effect of employment security at the organizational level. Data were collected from 127 middle & young-old aged workers in 33 organizations. The data were analyzed with Hierarchical Linear Model(HLM). The results of the study found that positive effect of core self evaluation, work ability and mentoring on proactive career behavior at the individual level. employment security moderated the relationships between pre-retirement proactive career behavior and the predictor variables(i.e. work ability, mentoring).
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