바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

The Influences of Self-Improvement Motivation and Obsessive Self-Improvement on Psychological State of Undergraduate Student

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand the phenomenon of ‘SPEC pursuit’ in the psychological aspect. In study 1, ‘SPEC pursuit’ was redefined as ‘self-development’; and self-development motivation (promoting, preventive) scale and obsessive self-development scale were developed to measure it. These three self-development scales (promoting, prophylactic, and obsessive) showed logically valid correlations with the regulatory focuse (promoting, preventing), goal orientation (learning, performance), worry, and obsessive-compulsive scale. Study 2 was conducted to confirm the effect of three self-development on psychological variables related to career and employment (job anxiety, career maturity, career decision-making, career preparation behavior, internal prejudice, life satisfaction). As a result, the positive effect of the promotional self-development and the negative effect of the obsessive self-development were supported. On the other hand, the negative effect of preventive self-development, which was assumed to have a negative effect, was not observed. It is expected that the tools and results developed in this study will be used for desirable self-development guidance and counseling for students.

keywords
SPEC, self-improvement motivation, obsessive self-improvement, regulatory focus, 스펙, 자기계발 동기, 강박적 자기계발, 조절초점

Reference

1.

Ahn, S. J. (2016, August 22). Monthly self-development expenses 175,000 won for college students and 229,000 won for office workers. Job Korea. https://tinyurl.com/ql3smoz

2.

Aziz, S., Uhrich, B., Wuensch, K. L., & Swords, B. (2013). The workaholism analysis questionnaire: Emphasizing work-life imbalance and addiction in the measurement of workaholism. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 14(2), 71-86. https://tinyurl.com/ t57n3sf

3.

Ban, J. S. (2014). A study on the causal relationship between job-seeking and performance in organizations. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Korea University. https://tinyurl. com/vxay9k7

4.

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446221129.n6

5.

Bauman, Z. (2013). Liquid times: Living in an age of uncertainty. John Wiley & Sons.

6.

Button, S. B., Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1996). Goal orientation in organizational research: A conceptual and empirical foundation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 67(1), 26-48. https://doi.org/ 10.1006/obhd.1996.0063

7.

Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990). Origins and functions of positive and negative affect: A control-process view. Psychological Review, 97(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.97.1.19

8.

Chae, C. G. (2012). Profile building competition among 4-year university students. KRIVET Issue Brief, 16, 1-4. https://tinyurl.com/tnyoeyz

9.

Chang, S. M. (1991). A Study on the Standardization of Career Maturity Inventory (RR91-05). Korean Educational Development Institute.

10.

Cho, G. P. (2008). A study of development and validation of the job-seeking anxiety test for university students. Journal of Education, 46(2), 53-75.

11.

Chung, M. J. (2014). The study of the effects of inferiority, employment anxiety and satisfaction in major on the employment preparation behavior of the undergraduates majoring in airline service. Journal of Tourism and Leisure Research, 26(7), 335-354.

12.

Crites, J. O. (1978). Manual for the career maturity inventory for adults. Monterey, CA: CTB/ McGraw-HiU.

13.

Fellner, B., Holler, M., Kirchler, E., & Schabmann, A. (2007). Regulatory focus scale (RFS): Development of a scale to record dispositional regulatory focus. Swiss Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1024/1421- 0185.66.2.109

14.

Fuqua, D. R., Newman, J. L., & Seaworth, T. B. (1988). Relation of state and trait anxiety to different components of career indecision. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35(2), 54-158. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.35.2.154

15.

Gorman, C. A., Meriac, J. P., Overstreet, B. L., Apodaca, S., McIntyre, A. L., Park, P., & Godbey, J. N. (2012). A meta-analysis of the regulatory focus nomological network: Work-related antecedents and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 160-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.07.005

16.

Han, S. M. (1997). Social network and life satisfaction of the people with disability. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Catholic University. http://www.riss.kr/link?id=T7897 470

17.

Higgins, E. T. (1998). Promotion and prevention: Regulatory focus as a motivational principle. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 30, 1-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08) 60381-0

18.

Higgins, E. T., Shah, J., & Friedman, R. (1997). Emotional responses to goal attainment: strength of regulatory focus as moderator. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(3), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.72.3.515

19.

Iem, Y. S. (2018). Anxiety experiences in the youth through the gaze of university students. Journal of Democracy and Human Rights, 18(1), 105-152.

20.

Jang, S. Y. (2013). A study on the ‘spec-building’ experiences of large company employees who graduated from 4-year-course universities in the capital area. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Seoul National University. https://tinyurl.com/u76ugyk

21.

Jo, H. I., & Oh, H. S. (2011). The effects of regulatory focus and cognitive expectancy on career exploration activities. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 18(2), 123-143.

22.

Jo, M. J. (2010). The effects of career maturity of college students on job-seeking anxiety and stress. The Study of Job & Employment Service, 5(2), 47-60. https://tinyurl.com/sy8t3y8

23.

Jung, H. M. (2016). Study on college students' perception on self-development. The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 16(4), 575-596.

24.

Jung, U. S., & No, A. Y. (2001). Study of the relations among job-seeking stress, depression, self-esteem and physical health of university student. Student Life Research of Chonnam National University, 33(12), 85-101.

25.

Kang, M. Y. (2012). Moderation Effects of Career Decision-making self-efficacy, Job seeking activity, Spec 5 activity, on the relation of Job Preparing Stress and the Adjustment to College of University Students. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Chonnam National University. https://tinyurl. com/rcnrc72

26.

Kim, B. W., & Kim, K. H. (1997). Career Decision Level and Career Preparation Behavior of the College Students. The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 9(1), 311-333.

27.

Kim, B. W., Jung, C. Y., & Kim, B. S. (2006). School Career Counseling (2nd ed.). Seoul: Hakjisa.

28.

Kim, H. Y., & Lee, D. G. (2009). The relation between employees’ motivation for self-development and psychological well-being. Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 22(2), 261-293. https://doi.org/ 10.24230/ksiop.22.2.200905.261

29.

Kim, J. W., & Min, B. M. (1998). Intolerance of uncertainty and problem orientation in worry. Journal of the Korean Psychological Association Annual Conference, 1998(1), 83-92.

30.

Kim, K. H. (2002). The psychological perspectives of addictive behaviors. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 7(2), 159-179.

31.

Kim, K. H. (2007). A way to overcome addiction the modern dungeon. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 12(4), 677-693. https:// doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2007.12.4.001

32.

Kim, K. S., Kim, N. J., & Oh, S. I. (2017). Self-development and the quality of life among university students in Korea. The Journal of Social Science, 24(2), 259-294.

33.

Kim, S. H. (2012). ‘Qualification-Building’ of college students: Human capital investment or symbolic capital acquisition. The Korean Sociological Association, 97-108.

34.

Kim, Y. H., Yoo, S. K., & Lim, J. S. (2011). The mediating effects of attitudes toward multiple role planning and self-efficacy in the relationship between career orientation and life-satisfaction among Korean female college students. Studies on Korean Youth, 22(4), 161-185.

35.

Ko, G. P., & Sim, M. Y. (2014). The structural relation of self-efficacy, job stress, career maturity and career preparation behavior of college students. The Journal of Career Education Research, 27(1), 19-38.

36.

Korea Labor & Income Panel Study (2014). https://tinyurl.com/udkh66z

37.

Lee, B. H., Du, X., Rhee, E. J., Jang, S. H., Jung, S. H., & Lee, S. M. (2013) The mediation dffect of career decision-making styles in the relationship between college students’ trait anxiety and career indecision. Korean Journal of Counseling, 14(2), 1383-1400. http://doi.org/10.15703/kjc.14.2.201304.1383

38.

Lee, J. I. (2014). Resume and labor market performance of job applicants. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Hanyang University. https://tinyurl.com/slnzsea

39.

Lee, J. K., & Kim, D. I. (2004). Employment preparation behavior of the college students: Focused on the psychological differences. Korean Counseling Association, 5(4), 993-1016. https://tinyurl.com/vaszymx

40.

Lee, J. M. (2008). Educational expenditure and rates of return to higher education (RR2008-15). Korean Educational Development Institute.

41.

Lee, M. S. (2003). Analysis of relationship among career self-efficacy, career barriers perception, and career preparation behavior of college students. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Jeonju University. https://tinyurl.com/t7ekdbg

42.

Lee, Y. K., & Kang, K. H. (2011). The analysis about employment stress and career decision efficacy of undergraduates-In focus of engineering and social science colleges. Journal of Engineering Education Research, 14(2), 60-67. http://doi.org/10.18108/jeer.2011.14.2.60

43.

Lim, Y. J. (2012). Efficacy of positive psychotherapy on college students with major depressive disorder. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31(3), 679-692. http://doi.org/ 10.15842/kjcp.2012.31.3.003

44.

Marlatt, G. A., Baer, J. S., Donovan, D. M., & Kivlahan, D. R. (1988). Addictive behaviors: Etiology and treatment. Annual Review of Psychology, 39(1), 223-252. https://doi.org/10.1146/ annurev.ps.39.020188.001255

45.

McGee, M. (2005). Self-help, inc.: Makeover culture in American life. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171242.001.0001

46.

Park, Y. (2004). New words [신어]. National Institute of Korean Language. https://lod.nl.go. kr/page/CNTS-00061102626

47.

Neubert, M. J., Kacmar, K. M., Carlson, D. S., Chonko, L. B., & Roberts, J. A. (2008). Regulatory focus as a mediator of the influence of initiating structure and servant leadership on employee behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1220-1233. https:// doi.org/10.1037/a0012695

48.

Oh, C. H. (2011). Age of anxiety, survival strategies for university students in their twenties. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Sogang University. https://tinyurl.com/uah5qsq

49.

Oh, E. J. (2014). Effect of trait anxiety on college students’ career preparation behavior: The mediating effects of career decision making self-efficacy. The Journal of Career Education Research, 27(2), 85-107.

50.

Oh, H. Y. (2013). Employment SPECS of envy workplace and policy project of college graduates. The HRD Review, 16(2), 78-101. https://tinyurl.com/r67maoe

51.

Park, S. M. (2013). The influence of college students' career maturity on their job-seeking stress: the mediating effect of self-efficacy. [Unpublished master’s dissertation]. Kyungsung University. https://tinyurl.com/w2r6t86

52.

Reed, G. F. (1985). Obssessional experience and compulsive behaviour: A cognitive-structural approach. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.

53.

Roseman, I. J., Spindel, M. S., & Jose, P. E. (1990). Appraisals of emotion-eliciting events: Testing a theory of discrete emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(5), 899-915. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.899

54.

Seligman, M. E. (2004). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Simon and Schuster.

55.

Shin, J. M., Lea, E. K., & Yang, N. M. (2015). The effects of career calling on career decision-making self-efficacy and life-satisfaction in college students. Journal of Social Science, 54(1), 169-194. https://doi.org/10.22418/jss. 2015.06.54.1.169

56.

Shin, K. Y., & Moon, S. Y. (2014). Social class, gender and shadow education in South Korea. Korean Journal of Labor Studies, 20(1), 31-64. http://doi.org/10.17005/kals.2014.20.1.31

57.

Shin, M. S., & Seol, S. H. (2007). Cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Korea, 7(1), 17-40.

58.

So, Y. J., & Park, J. S. (2016). The influence of university students’ job-seeking stress on career maturity in university adjustment: Focusing on the mediating effect of job-seeking anxiety. Journal of Employment and Career, 6(4), 23-44. http://doi.org/10.35273/ jec.2016.6.4.002

59.

Super, D. E. (1953). A theory of vocational development. American Psychologist, 8(5), 185- 190. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0056046

60.

Turner, M. J., Allen, M. S., Slater, M. J., Barker, J. B., Woodcock, C., Harwood, C. G., & McFayden, K. (2016). The development and initial validation of the irrational performance beliefs inventory (iPBI). European Journal of Psychological Assessment. 34(3), 174-180. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000314

61.

Wilhelm, S., & Steketee, G. S. (2006). Cognitive therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder: A guide for professionals (Shin, M. S., Seol, S. H., & Kwon, J. S., Trans.). Sigmapress. https://tinyurl.com/tc7lzym

62.

Yang, O. G. (1994). Development of a scale to measure life satisfaction. Korean Journal of Social Welfare, 24, 157-198.

63.

Yang, Y., & Kim, E. S. (2008). The effect of chronic/situational regulatory focus and task performance feedback on consumer affect. The Korea Journal of Consumer and Advertising Psychology. 9(3), 407-433. http://doi.org/ 10.21074/kjlcap.2008.9.3.407

64.

Yoon, J. Y., Choi, S. H., & Hur, T. K. (2013). The development and validation of the leisure obsession scale. Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issues, 19(2), 235-257.

65.

Yun, S. M., & Kang, J. R. (2013). The effects of a strengths-based career counseling program on elementary school children's career maturity and achievement motivation. Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 13(1), 103-123.

logo