ISSN : 1229-0688
본 연구는 고등학생의 진로결정유형을 군집화하여 각 군집의 특성을 밝히고, 이를 통해 고등학교의 진로상담에서 차별적 처치를 하는 데 도움이 되고자 한다. 이를 위해 진로사고검사(Career Thought Inventory), 진로결정척도(Career Decision Scale), 진로결정상황척도(My Vocational Situation), 특성-상태불안척도(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory)를 사용하여 측정된 결과를 군집분석(cluster analysis)을 통해 진로결정 유형을 군집화하였고 각 유형의 특정을 추출하였다. 서울시내 고등학생 540명(남학생 216명, 여학생 324명)을 대상으로 상관분석, 분산분석, 군집분석, χ<sup>2</sup> 검증을 활용하여 분석하였다. 군집분석 결과 7개의 군집으로 유형화할 수 있었다. 즉 진로결정-확신 집단, 진로결정-불확신 집단, 진로결정-불안정 집단, 진로미결정-불안정 집단, 진로미결정-미불안 집단, 진로결정-혼란 집단, 진로미결정-역기능적 사고 집단 등으로 명칭을 부여하였다. 분석결과에서는 진로결정유형에서 인지의 영향이 간접적으로 확인되었고 미결정 집단뿐 아니라 결정 집단에서도 하위유형이 있음이 나타났고, 각 군집은 성별 및 계열별로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.
The purpose of this study is to find out the subtypes of high school students' career indecision through the grouping methods. For the effective career counseling in high school, differential diagnosis and differential treatments according to career decision subtypes is necessary. The cognition plays a very important role in career decisions and occupational choices. Therefore, dysfunctional career thinking needs to be included as a variable of cluster analysis. In this study, the Career Thought Inventory was used to measure dysfunctional career thoughts of high school students. The subjects of this study were 540 students(115 males and 164 females) from five high schools in Seoul area. A set of tests(Career Thought Inventory, Career Decision Scale, My Vocational Situation, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) were administered to the students. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis, duster analysis, one-way ANOVA and Chi-square test. As a result of duster analysis, 7 clusters were identified. These 7 subtypes were named as 'decided-confident type', 'decided-doubtful type', 'decided-unstable type', 'undecided-unstable type', 'undecided-comfortable type', 'undecided-confused type', and 'undecided-dysfunctional thought type'. Implications for career counseling and future research on the typology of career decision are discussed.
