Abstract

The ways in which a task interdependence and a reward interdependence influenced on the effectiveness of ad-hoc knowledge workers were examined in order to understand a new paradigm for the human resource management in the fast changing 21st century business world. In this study, the task interdependence and the reward interdependence appeared to be a key to potential obstacles for organizations that design structures and systems for ad-hoc knowledge workers. According to the results of the analyses, the importance of the task interdependence and the reward interdependence for the team effectiveness were found to be different in both the punishment and the non-punishment condition. In the non-punishment condition, the team effectiveness was more affected by the task interdependence, while the reward interdependence had more influence on the team effectiveness in the punishment condition. In both conditions, furthermore, when the reward interdependence and the task interdependence were high, the team effectiveness was high as well. Based on what were found in this research, implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.