본 연구는 한국형 직무스트레스 요인 중 직무과부하와 비합리적인 조직문화가 정서적 소진에 미치는 영향에 대해서 살펴보고, 이 관계에서 일과의 심리적 분리 변인이 매개효과를 보이는지를 검증하였다. 일과의 심리적 분리란 직무 시간 이외에는 일과 관련된 생각과 활동을 하지 않는 것으로써, 손상된 심리적 자원의 회복에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구를 위해 다양한 직종의 근로자 234명으로부터 자료를 수집하였고, 가설 검증을 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 직무과부하와 비합리적인 조직문화는 정서적 소진에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 직무과부하와 비합리적인 조직문화가 정서소진에 미치는 영향에 대해 일과의 심리적 분리가 부분 매개하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉, 직무과부하와 비합리적인 조직문화에 대한 스트레스가 높을수록 일과의 심리적 분리의 수준은 낮아지고 이는 결과적으로 높은 수준의 정서적 소진을 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기업들은 조직원들의 정서적 소진을 예방하기 위해 직무시간 이외의 시간에는 조직원들이 일과 심리적으로 분리할 수 있도록 많은 지원과 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다.
The purpose of the present study was to examine whether work overload and unreasonable organizational climate have significant relationship with emotional exhaustion. The present study also attempted to find out whether psychological detachment has mediating effects on the relationship. Psychological detachment refers to an individual's experience of being mentally away from work, to make a pause in thinking about work-related issues, thus to “switch off”. Previous research has suggested that psychological detachment from work during off-job time is important in order to recover from stress encountered at the job. Data were collected from 234 workers employed in a variety of organizations. It was found that work overload and unreasonable organizational climate were significantly associated with low psychological detachment and high emotional exhaustion. In addition, psychological detachment had mediating effects on the relationship of work overload and unreasonable organizational climate to emotional exhaustion.
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